What treatment will a child with strep throat need?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is option C: Your child will need oral penicillin for 10 days and should feel better in a few days. Rationale: Strep throat is caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria, and the treatment of choice is oral penicillin for a full course of at least 10 days to completely eradicate the infection and prevent complications. Penicillin is effective in treating strep throat and helps to reduce the risk of spreading the infection to others. Option A is incorrect because strep throat requires antibiotic treatment to prevent complications such as rheumatic fever or kidney inflammation. Bedrest alone will not adequately treat the infection. Option B is incorrect as tonsillectomy is not the first-line treatment for strep throat. Tonsillectomy is considered only if the child has recurrent episodes of strep throat despite appropriate antibiotic treatment. Option D is incorrect as hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics are typically reserved for severe cases of strep throat with complications such as abscess formation or difficulty swallowing. Most cases of strep throat can be effectively treated on an outpatient basis with oral antibiotics. Educational context: It is crucial for nursing students preparing for the NCLEX to understand the appropriate treatment for common pediatric conditions like strep throat. By knowing the correct treatment regimen, nurses can provide optimal care, prevent complications, and educate families on the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics to ensure complete recovery and prevent the spread of infection. Understanding the rationale behind treatment options helps nurses make informed clinical decisions and deliver safe and effective care to pediatric patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a child with respiratory distress, stridor, and RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus), the appropriate treatment is nebulized racemic epinephrine (Option C). This intervention helps to reduce airway inflammation and swelling, thereby improving breathing and decreasing the risk of respiratory compromise. Intravenous antibiotics (Option A) are not indicated for RSV, which is a viral infection. Antibiotics are only effective against bacterial infections and would not address the underlying cause of the respiratory distress in this case. Intravenous steroids (Option B) may be used in some cases of croup or acute asthma exacerbation but are not the first-line treatment for RSV in a child with stridor and respiratory distress. Alternating doses of Tylenol and Motrin (Option D) may help to reduce fever and discomfort but do not directly address the respiratory distress and stridor associated with RSV. Educationally, understanding the appropriate treatment for common pediatric respiratory conditions like RSV is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers working with children. Knowing the rationale behind each treatment option helps in providing safe and effective care to pediatric patients with respiratory distress.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Administer five back blows followed by five chest thrusts. For a choking infant under 1 year old, this technique is recommended by the American Heart Association and American Academy of Pediatrics. Back blows are used first to attempt to dislodge the object, followed by chest thrusts if the object remains stuck. This sequence is safer for infants as abdominal thrusts can be harmful. Option A is incorrect because abdominal thrusts are not recommended for infants due to the risk of causing harm. Option B is also incorrect as inserting a finger into the child's mouth can push the object further down their airway. Option C, performing the Heimlich maneuver, is not recommended for infants as it can also cause harm. Educationally, it is crucial for parents and caregivers to be trained in pediatric first aid, including how to respond to choking incidents in infants. By understanding the correct techniques, they can act quickly and effectively in an emergency, potentially saving a child's life. Practicing these skills through scenarios and simulations can help reinforce the correct actions to take in such situations.

Correct Answer: A,C,D,E

Rationale: Rationale: Correct Answer: A) Providing a high-protein, high-calorie diet, C) Encouraging exercise, D) Minimizing pulmonary complications. 1. Providing a high-protein, high-calorie diet is essential for CF patients as they have increased energy needs due to the disease affecting nutrient absorption. This diet helps in maintaining weight and overall health. 2. Encouraging exercise is crucial for CF patients to improve lung function, strengthen respiratory muscles, and enhance overall physical well-being. It also helps in clearing mucus from the lungs. 3. Minimizing pulmonary complications involves various strategies like airway clearance techniques, using inhalers, and timely antibiotic therapy to prevent and manage infections that can worsen respiratory health in CF patients. Incorrect Answers: B) Providing a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet is not recommended for CF patients as it can lead to weight gain without providing the necessary nutrients. CF patients need a balanced diet focusing on high protein and calories. Educational Context: Understanding the therapeutic management strategies for CF patients is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers working with pediatric populations. By providing a comprehensive approach that includes nutrition, exercise, and pulmonary care, we can improve outcomes and quality of life for CF patients. Educating patients and families about these strategies empowers them to actively participate in managing the disease and promoting better health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Lateral neck x-ray of the soft tissue. The presenting symptoms of high fever, dysphagia, drooling, tachycardia, and tachypnea are indicative of a possible case of epiglottitis, a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. A lateral neck x-ray is crucial in diagnosing epiglottitis as it can show the characteristic "thumb sign" caused by an enlarged epiglottis. Option A) Immediate IV placement may be necessary but is not the first action to take in this situation. The priority is to diagnose the condition accurately before initiating treatment. Option B) Immediate respiratory treatment may be needed eventually, but the first step is to confirm the diagnosis through diagnostic testing. Option C) Thorough physical assessment is important, but in this case, time is of the essence, and a prompt diagnostic test like a lateral neck x-ray is crucial for timely intervention. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to recognize the signs and symptoms of pediatric respiratory emergencies like epiglottitis. Quick and accurate assessment followed by appropriate diagnostic testing can make a significant difference in the outcome for the child. This question highlights the importance of prioritizing actions in emergency situations to provide safe and effective care.