What treatment does a nurse expect to initiate for a depressed patient who is agitated, vomiting, hyperthermic, hyperreflexive, and tachycardic?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serotonin syndrome: Anticonvulsants for seizures. The patient's symptoms of agitation, vomiting, hyperthermia, hyperreflexia, and tachycardia are indicative of serotonin syndrome. Treatment involves stopping the offending medications, supportive care, and in severe cases, anticonvulsants for seizures. Choice B (Clonazepam) is incorrect as it is used for myoclonus, not the main symptoms presented. Choice C (Lorazepam) is incorrect as it is used for restlessness and agitation but not specifically for serotonin syndrome. Choice D (Palpitations) is incorrect as it is a symptom of serotonin syndrome, not a treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Renal function. Lithium is excreted by the kidneys, and its accumulation can lead to renal toxicity, affecting renal function. The other choices are incorrect because lithium primarily affects the kidneys, not the thyroid (B), ECG (C), or causes polyuria (D). Lithium toxicity is commonly associated with renal impairment, making A the most appropriate choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of core concepts of patient family care, understanding risk factors for pathological gambling is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide comprehensive care. The correct answer, option D - All of the above, is the most appropriate choice as it encompasses all three significant risk factors for pathological gambling. Impulsivity, option A, is a known risk factor for developing gambling problems as individuals with impulsive tendencies may find it challenging to control their impulses to gamble excessively. Alcohol abuse, option B, is another common risk factor as it can lower inhibitions and impair judgment, leading individuals to engage in risky behaviors like compulsive gambling. Parents who gamble, option C, can also contribute to the development of gambling issues in their children through learned behavior and normalization of gambling activities within the family. It is essential to highlight that while each of the individual options (A, B, C) presents a valid risk factor for pathological gambling, the comprehensive understanding comes from recognizing that all three factors collectively increase the likelihood of developing gambling problems. By selecting option D, healthcare providers can be better equipped to assess, intervene, and support individuals and families affected by pathological gambling. Educationally, this question helps reinforce the interconnectedness of risk factors in complex health issues like pathological gambling. It underscores the importance of a holistic approach to patient care that considers various contributing factors. By understanding these risk factors, healthcare professionals can offer targeted interventions, support, and resources to address pathological gambling within the framework of patient family care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Unit 423. In the Graduate Diploma in Family Medicine (GDFM) / MMed(Family Medicine) modular course, the topic of depression in the elderly is covered in Unit 423 because this unit specifically focuses on mental health issues in the elderly population. This unit delves into the unique challenges and considerations when diagnosing and managing depression in older adults, considering factors such as comorbidities, medications, and social support structures. Option A) Unit 523 is incorrect because this unit typically covers topics related to chronic disease management and preventive care, not specifically focusing on mental health issues in the elderly. Option B) Unit 411 is incorrect as it usually covers topics related to pediatric care and developmental milestones, which are not directly related to depression in the elderly. Option C) Unit 213 is incorrect as it generally covers introductory topics in family medicine, such as history-taking and physical examination skills, rather than delving into specific mental health issues in the elderly. Understanding the specific unit where a topic is covered is crucial for learners to navigate the curriculum effectively and deepen their knowledge in a structured manner. By correctly placing the topic of depression in the elderly within Unit 423, learners can access targeted information and resources to enhance their understanding and skills in managing mental health issues in this population.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Disadvantaged patients may interpret end-of-life care as an attempt to deny essential treatments. This is because financially disadvantaged individuals often face barriers to accessing healthcare services and may have experienced disparities in treatment due to their socio-economic status. End-of-life care can be particularly complex for disadvantaged patients who may have concerns about the cost of care, availability of resources, and the quality of treatment they will receive. Option A is incorrect because financially secure patients may have access to a wider range of healthcare options and may not necessarily insist on aggressive interventions to prolong their life. Option C is incorrect as the desire to spend one's last days outside the hospital is not solely determined by socio-economic status. Option D is incorrect because the choice to move to assisted living facilities is a personal decision that may not be solely influenced by financial security. Educationally, understanding how socio-economic status impacts perspectives on end-of-life care is crucial for healthcare providers to deliver patient-centered care. By recognizing the unique challenges faced by disadvantaged patients, healthcare professionals can tailor their approach to end-of-life discussions and care planning to ensure equitable and compassionate treatment for all patients, regardless of their financial circumstances.