What term refers to an inflammation of brain tissues?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: encephalitis. Encephalitis specifically refers to inflammation of the brain tissues. "Meningitis" (B) is inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. "Sinusitis" (C) is inflammation of the sinuses, not the brain. "Meningoencephalitis" (D) refers to inflammation of both the brain and meninges, but encephalitis is more specific to brain tissue. Therefore, encephalitis is the most accurate term for inflammation of brain tissues.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the peripheral nerves carry sensory input to the central nervous system by afferent fibers and motor commands away from the central nervous system by efferent fibers. This is known as the afferent-efferent division of the peripheral nervous system. Choice A is incorrect because cranial nerves (CNs) enter the brain directly, not through the spinal cord. Choice B is incorrect because efferent fibers carry motor commands away from the central nervous system, not sensory input. Choice C is incorrect because peripheral nerves are outside the central nervous system and do not carry impulses through motor fibers; instead, they carry motor commands through efferent fibers.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Expecting the patient to feed himself/herself after explaining the arrangement of the food on the tray promotes independence and autonomy. 2. It respects the patient's capabilities and encourages self-reliance, which is important for rehabilitation in functional neurological disorders. 3. Providing clear instructions can help the patient navigate the task despite the blindness, fostering a sense of accomplishment. 4. This approach aligns with patient-centered care principles, prioritizing the patient's dignity and self-care abilities. Summary of other choices: A. Establishing a buddy system may not address the patient's need for independence and could potentially undermine their self-esteem. C. Directing the patient to locate items independently may not be practical or safe given the blindness, and it may lead to frustration. D. Neglecting the patient's needs in favor of others is not in line with providing individualized care and could compromise patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Body dysmorphic disorder. This individual's distorted belief about their appearance despite no actual disfigurement aligns with the symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder. People with this disorder obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance. Incorrect choices: A: Dissociative identity disorder involves multiple distinct personality states, not related to body image. C: Pseudocyesis is a false belief of being pregnant, unrelated to body image. D: Malingering involves feigning symptoms for external gain, not related to distorted body image perceptions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Facial asymmetry or difficulty with facial expressions indicates dysfunction of cranial nerve VII (Facial nerve). Clear facial movements, normal taste sensation, and equal pupils are normal findings.