ATI RN
Assessment and Management of Newborn Complications Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What term best describes an infant born with a birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small for gestational age. This term describes an infant born with a birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age, indicating intrauterine growth restriction. This term specifically addresses the infant's size in relation to their gestational age, distinguishing it from other choices. A: Appropriate for gestational age refers to infants whose birth weight falls within the normal range for their gestational age, not below the 10th percentile. B: Failure to thrive is a broader term encompassing various factors affecting a child's growth and development, not specifically related to birth weight percentile. D: Infant born to mother of gestational diabetes pertains to a specific maternal condition that may affect the infant's health but does not directly address the infant's birth weight percentile.
Question 2 of 5
If the neonatal nurse is suspicious of necrotizing enterocolitis in the infant, which intervention should take place first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stop feeds. This is the first intervention because neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is a serious condition that requires immediate action to prevent further complications. Stopping feeds helps reduce intestinal inflammation and allows the bowel to rest. This step is crucial in managing NEC and preventing perforation. Obtaining a blood gas or checking electrolytes can provide valuable information but are not as urgent as stopping feeds. Calling the practitioner is important but should come after initiating the immediate intervention of stopping feeds.
Question 3 of 5
Which causes infants of diabetic mothers to be large for gestational age?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Maternal diabetes leads to high blood glucose levels. Step 2: Maternal glucose crosses the placenta to the fetus. Step 3: Fetal pancreas produces more insulin in response to high glucose. Step 4: Excess insulin promotes fetal growth, leading to macrosomia. Summary: A: Incorrect - Maternal insulin doesn't cross placenta in significant amounts. B: Incorrect - Blood flow doesn't directly cause fetal overgrowth. C: Incorrect - Maternal insulin doesn't directly cause increased growth.
Question 4 of 5
Which is the most common etiology for pathological jaundice in an infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ABO incompatibility. This is the most common etiology for pathological jaundice in an infant because it occurs when the baby's blood type is incompatible with the mother's, leading to the destruction of the baby's red blood cells and subsequent release of bilirubin, causing jaundice. Physiological jaundice (B) is common but typically resolves on its own without treatment. Inherited pathologies (C) such as genetic conditions may cause jaundice, but they are less common than ABO incompatibility. Birth trauma (D) can lead to jaundice in rare cases, but it is not the most common etiology.
Question 5 of 5
Which clinical sign is most concerning immediately following the delivery of a high-risk neonate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood glucose of 35 g/dL. This is the most concerning sign as hypoglycemia in neonates can lead to serious neurological complications. Low blood glucose levels can result in seizures, brain damage, and even death if not promptly addressed. It is crucial to maintain appropriate blood glucose levels in neonates to support their brain development and overall health. Explanation of other choices: A: Axillary temperature of 97.8°F - Slightly below normal but not immediately concerning. C: Oxygen saturation of 90% - Suboptimal but not as critical as severe hypoglycemia. D: Blue-tinged hands and feet - Could indicate poor circulation, but hypoglycemia is more urgent to address.