ATI RN
Care of Vulnerable Populations Questions
Question 1 of 5
What statistic do countries use to compare the success of their health care systems?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infant mortality rate. This statistic is used to compare the success of health care systems as it reflects the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. A lower infant mortality rate indicates better healthcare access and quality. A: Attack rate is used to measure the frequency of new cases of a disease in a population during a specific time period and is not specific to healthcare system comparison. C: Cause-specific morbidity rate focuses on the prevalence of specific diseases and does not provide a comprehensive measure of healthcare system success. D: Cause-specific mortality rate looks at the number of deaths from a specific cause and is not a holistic indicator of overall healthcare system performance.
Question 2 of 5
Persons with immune deficiencies may have a negative tuberculosis (TB) skin test even though they are infected. Knowing this, what would the nurse expect to see in the test results when a TB skin test is given to persons with AIDS?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased sensitivity. Persons with AIDS have compromised immune systems, which can lead to a false negative TB skin test result even if they are infected. Decreased sensitivity means the test may not correctly identify true positive cases, leading to false negatives. A: Decreased positive predictive value - This is not the correct answer because positive predictive value refers to the likelihood that a positive test result truly indicates the presence of the condition. Sensitivity and specificity impact the accuracy of the test results. B: Decreased reliability - This is not the correct answer as reliability refers to the consistency of the test results. Sensitivity specifically relates to the ability of the test to correctly identify those with the condition. D: Decreased specificity - This is not the correct answer as specificity refers to the ability of the test to correctly identify those without the condition. Sensitivity, not specificity, is affected in this scenario due to the immune deficiencies in persons with AIDS.
Question 3 of 5
The city's medical center needs to know the trends in health problems for long-range planning regarding staffing and space allocation. Which source of information will be most helpful?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The National Hospital Discharge Survey. This source provides comprehensive data on health problems requiring hospitalization, aiding in long-range planning for staffing and space allocation. It offers detailed and standardized information on diagnoses and procedures, enabling the medical center to identify trends accurately. A: Local data from a professional survey may not capture a complete picture of health problems requiring hospitalization and may lack standardization. B: The National Health Interview Survey focuses on self-reported health conditions, which may not reflect the actual hospitalization needs. D: State's vital statistics provide data on births, deaths, and other vital events but may not offer detailed information on hospitalization trends.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse reports that in comparison to all the children in a particular school, the children who are members of the Cub Scouts have 0.3 risk for obesity before entering the sixth grade. What would you recommend to the new parents of two boys who had just moved into this school's neighborhood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because as a nurse, it is important to provide evidence-based information to parents and let them make informed decisions. By sharing the finding with the parents, they can assess the risk and decide whether enrolling their sons in Cub Scouts is suitable for them. This empowers parents to make choices based on available information. Choice A is incorrect because it assumes a direct causation between Cub Scouts and obesity without considering other factors. Choice B is incorrect because as a nurse, providing relevant information to parents is essential for their decision-making process. Choice C is incorrect because it imposes a decision on the parents without allowing them to consider all the factors involved.
Question 5 of 5
What kind of study should the nurse researcher choose if the goal is to identify the long-term benefits and risks of a particular nursing intervention for senior citizens living in the community?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clinical trial. A clinical trial is the best study design to identify long-term benefits and risks of a nursing intervention as it involves controlled experimentation, randomization, and follow-up over an extended period. It allows for comparison between intervention and control groups, ensuring the reliability of results. Cross-sectional studies (A) are snapshots in time and do not provide longitudinal data. Ecologic studies (B) analyze population-level data and may not capture individual-level effects. Retrospective analysis (D) looks back at past data and may not be suitable for studying long-term effects prospectively.