ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology The Respiratory System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What should the nurse include when teaching a patient regarding the use of omeprazole?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), is most effective when taken 30 minutes before meals. This allows the medication to inhibit proton pumps during meal-stimulated acid production. Taking it after (A) or with meals (C) reduces its effectiveness. While it can be taken without regard to meals (D), taking it before meals is optimal.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following cytotoxic drugs is least likely to cause emesis during chemotherapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Emesis risk depends on chemotherapeutic emetogenicity. Cisplatin, dacarbazine, doxorubicin, and mustine are highly emetogenic, triggering vomiting via chemoreceptor zones. Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid, is least emetogenic, causing neuropathy instead, making it the exception. This lower risk reduces antiemetic needs, easing patient burden during treatment.
Question 3 of 5
Deficiencies in cyanocobalamin (B12) can result in
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyanocobalamin, or vitamin B12, is essential for red blood cell production and neurological function, and its deficiency directly leads to pernicious anemia, a condition characterized by large, immature red blood cells due to impaired DNA synthesis. This occurs because B12 is crucial for folate metabolism and erythropoiesis, and without it, anemia develops, often accompanied by neurological symptoms like numbness or tingling. Pellagra, however, results from niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency, manifesting as dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia-unrelated to B12's role. Rickets stems from vitamin D deficiency, causing bone deformities due to poor calcium absorption, not a B12 issue. Scurvy arises from vitamin C deficiency, leading to collagen breakdown and symptoms like bleeding gums, distinct from B12's hematological effects. Pernicious anemia stands out as the correct outcome because B12 deficiency disrupts bone marrow function, and it often requires pharmacotherapy, such as B12 injections, especially if absorption is impaired (e.g., due to lack of intrinsic factor). This specificity eliminates other conditions, highlighting B12's unique role in blood and nerve health.
Question 4 of 5
The application of drugs for the purpose of treating diseases and treatment of suffering is known as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacotherapeutics applies drugs to treat diseases and alleviate suffering, combining pharmacology and therapeutic intent, a precise term. Biologics are drug types, not application. Alternative therapies use non-drug methods. Therapeutics is broader, but pharmacotherapeutics specifies drug use, aligning with the definition and clinical practice.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse plans to administer medication to the preschool child. Which approach indicates the nurse has an understanding of growth and development?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preschoolers (3-5) respond to simple explanations and swift action-e.g., 'This helps you feel better,' then give-matching their short attention and trust needs. Parents often calm, not hinder, cooperation. Play aids understanding, not just verbal. Restraint may be needed if uncooperative-age doesn't rule it out. Brief rationale and quick delivery suit developmental stage, minimizing distress.