What should the nurse include in patient education regarding the effectiveness of oral contraceptives?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Oral contraceptives can be less effective when taken with certain antibiotics due to potential drug interactions that may reduce contraceptive efficacy. It is crucial for patients to be aware of this to consider additional contraceptive measures when prescribed antibiotics. Choice A is incorrect because while oral contraceptives are highly effective when taken correctly, they are not 100% foolproof. Choice B is incorrect as oral contraceptives may take some time to reach their full effectiveness after starting. Choice D is also incorrect as taking oral contraceptives with food does not significantly affect their efficacy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Finasteride has been shown to lower the risk of developing prostate cancer. Studies have demonstrated that finasteride can reduce the incidence of prostate cancer. However, it is still recommended to have regular screening to monitor for any potential issues. Choice B is incorrect as finasteride has shown to have a positive effect on reducing prostate cancer risk. Choice C is inaccurate because finasteride decreases, not increases, the risk of prostate cancer. Choice D is incorrect as regular screening is still necessary despite the risk reduction associated with finasteride.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) The medication is expected to reduce the size of the prostate, which should improve urinary symptoms over time. This is the most appropriate option to include in patient education for several reasons. Finasteride is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor that works by reducing the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which helps shrink the enlarged prostate over time. By educating the patient that the medication reduces the size of the prostate, the nurse prepares the patient for the gradual improvement in urinary symptoms, which may take several weeks to months to become fully effective. Option B is incorrect because finasteride does not provide immediate symptom relief, and it usually takes time for the medication to show its full effect. Option C is incorrect as BPH is a chronic condition, and finasteride helps manage symptoms but does not cure the condition. Option D is incorrect as while finasteride can cause sexual side effects like decreased libido, erectile dysfunction is a less common side effect and should not be highlighted as a primary concern in patient education unless the patient specifically asks about it. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide accurate information about medications to empower patients to understand their treatment plan, manage expectations, and adhere to therapy effectively. Patient education contributes to medication adherence and better health outcomes by ensuring that individuals have realistic expectations and knowledge about their prescribed treatments.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Finasteride, a type of androgen therapy, has been shown to reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. It works by shrinking the prostate gland, which can help lower the risk of developing prostate cancer. However, while it may reduce the risk, regular screening is still recommended to monitor for any potential issues. Choice B is incorrect because finasteride does have an impact on reducing the risk of prostate cancer. Choice C is incorrect as finasteride is not known to increase the risk of developing prostate cancer. Choice D is incorrect as finasteride does have an effect on reducing the risk of prostate cancer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, an alloimmune reaction occurs. In this situation, the mother's immune system recognizes the fetus as foreign due to differences in antigens, leading to an immune response against the fetus. Choice A, 'Autoimmune,' is incorrect because it refers to the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own cells and tissues. Choice B, 'Anaphylaxis,' is not the correct answer as it is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. Choice D, 'Allergic,' is also incorrect as it refers to an immune response triggered by allergens, not antigens expressed by the fetus.