ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
What should the nurse explain about ringworm?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of nursing care of children, it is crucial for nurses to have a comprehensive understanding of common childhood conditions like ringworm. The correct answer, option D, states that ringworm is spread by both direct and indirect contact. This is essential information for the nurse to convey because ringworm is a highly contagious fungal infection that can be transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person or animal, as well as indirectly through contaminated objects or surfaces. Option A, stating that ringworm is not contagious, is incorrect and misleading. It is important for the nurse to clarify that ringworm is indeed contagious to prevent the spread of the infection among children. Option B, suggesting that ringworm is a sign of uncleanliness, is also incorrect. Ringworm is a common fungal infection that can affect anyone, regardless of their personal hygiene practices. This misconception can lead to stigma and discrimination, which the nurse should address by providing accurate information about the condition. Option C, claiming that ringworm is expected to resolve spontaneously, is incorrect as well. While some cases of ringworm may resolve on their own, treatment with antifungal medications is usually necessary to effectively clear the infection and prevent recurrence. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to not only understand the etiology and transmission of ringworm but also to be able to educate patients, families, and caregivers about the infection to promote effective prevention and management strategies. By choosing the correct answer and understanding why the other options are incorrect, nurses can play a key role in promoting the health and well-being of children affected by ringworm.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a nursing student about standard precautions. Which statement made by the student indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the correct answer that indicates a need for further teaching. The rationale behind this is that standard precautions are necessary when there is a potential for contact with blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, non-intact skin, or any other potentially infectious materials. Administering oral medications to a school-age child does not typically involve exposure to these types of infectious materials, so the use of standard precautions in this situation is not necessary. Options A, B, and C demonstrate an understanding of when standard precautions are required. Giving oral care to an infant, changing an infant's diaper, and coming in contact with blood and body fluids all present opportunities for exposure to infectious materials, hence the need for standard precautions in these instances. From an educational standpoint, it is crucial to ensure that nursing students understand the rationale behind standard precautions to protect themselves, patients, and others from the spread of infections in healthcare settings. Emphasizing the importance of using standard precautions in specific situations helps to reinforce safe and effective nursing practice.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing an airborne infection isolation room for a patient. Which communicable disease does the patient likely have?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Varicella (chickenpox) for several reasons. Varicella is a highly contagious disease that spreads through the airborne route, making airborne isolation necessary to prevent transmission. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets, which can remain suspended in the air and be inhaled by others. Option B) Pertussis (whooping cough) is transmitted through respiratory droplets but typically requires droplet precautions, not airborne precautions. Option C) Influenza is also spread through respiratory droplets and requires droplet precautions, not airborne precautions. Option D) Scarlet fever is usually caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria and is spread through respiratory droplets, hence requiring droplet precautions as well. Educationally, understanding the modes of transmission and appropriate isolation precautions for different communicable diseases is crucial for a nurse caring for pediatric patients. By knowing which diseases require airborne precautions, the nurse can effectively prevent the spread of infections and protect both patients and healthcare workers.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is administering the first hepatitis A vaccine to an 18-month-old child. When should the child return to the clinic for the second dose of hepatitis A vaccination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of administering the hepatitis A vaccine to an 18-month-old child, the correct answer is D) After 6 months for the second dose. The hepatitis A vaccine is typically given in two doses, with the second dose administered 6 to 18 months after the first dose. This schedule ensures optimal protection against the hepatitis A virus. Option A) After 2 months is incorrect because the second dose is not scheduled this soon. Option B) After 3 months is also incorrect as it does not align with the recommended schedule for the hepatitis A vaccine. Option C) After 4 months is incorrect as well, as it falls short of the recommended interval between the two doses. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses caring for children to understand the immunization schedules and dosing regimens for vaccines to provide safe and effective care. Following the recommended vaccine schedules helps ensure that children receive adequate protection from vaccine-preventable diseases. Understanding the timing and dosing of vaccines also plays a key role in preventing the spread of infectious diseases in both individual patients and the community at large.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine. Which is a contraindication associated with administering this vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) The child has a disorder that causes a deficient immune system. This is a contraindication for administering the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine because individuals with compromised immune systems may not be able to mount an effective immune response to the vaccine, putting them at risk for potential vaccine-related complications. Option A) The child has recently been exposed to an infectious disease is incorrect because exposure to infectious diseases is not a contraindication for administering the MMRV vaccine. In fact, vaccination in such cases may be beneficial to prevent the development of the diseases. Option B) The child has symptoms of a cold but no fever is incorrect as having a cold without fever is not a contraindication for the vaccine. Mild illnesses like a cold typically do not interfere with vaccine administration. Option C) The child is having intermittent episodes of diarrhea is incorrect because diarrhea is not a contraindication for the MMRV vaccine. As long as the child does not have a high fever or severe illness, diarrhea alone would not prevent vaccine administration. In an educational context, understanding contraindications for vaccines is crucial for nurses caring for children as it ensures safe and effective vaccination practices. Nurses must be able to assess a child's health status accurately to determine when vaccines should be delayed or contraindicated to prevent adverse reactions and ensure optimal protection.