What should the nurse do when a client refuses to take their prescribed medication?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. When a client refuses medication, the nurse should document the refusal for legal and communication purposes. Informing the healthcare provider ensures ongoing assessment and potential alternatives. Choice A lacks communication with the healthcare team. Choice B may not address the underlying issue. Choice C assumes alternative treatment is necessary without further evaluation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer nitroglycerin. The nurse should first assess the client's chest pain, then administer nitroglycerin if indicated for suspected cardiac origin. Nitroglycerin helps dilate blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart. This can alleviate chest pain associated with angina or myocardial infarction. Administering morphine or aspirin should come after nitroglycerin if needed. Performing an ECG is important but should not delay immediate treatment with nitroglycerin for chest pain of cardiac origin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer IV fluids. In hypovolemic shock, there is a significant decrease in blood volume leading to inadequate perfusion of tissues. Administering IV fluids helps to restore circulating volume and improve tissue perfusion, which is crucial in managing hypovolemic shock. Elevating the client's legs (B) may be beneficial in other types of shock but not specifically in hypovolemic shock. Administering pain relief (C) and corticosteroids (D) are not the priority in hypovolemic shock as they do not address the underlying issue of decreased blood volume and tissue perfusion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provide cooling measures. When caring for a client with hyperthermia, the nurse's priority is to lower the body temperature to prevent further complications. Providing cooling measures such as removing excess clothing, using fans, applying cool compresses, and encouraging hydration helps to reduce the body temperature effectively. Administering antipyretics (A and D) may be considered in some cases, but cooling measures are more immediate and effective. Administering corticosteroids (C) is not indicated in the treatment of hyperthermia. Cooling measures directly target the elevated body temperature, making it the top priority in managing hyperthermia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, removing the client from the cold environment. This is because hypothermia occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, and being in a cold environment exacerbates this process. By removing the client from the cold environment, the nurse helps stop further heat loss. Warming the client slowly (A) can be detrimental as rapid rewarming can lead to complications. Providing a warm environment (C) and applying warm blankets (D) are important interventions but should come after removing the client from the cold environment to prevent further heat loss.