What should the nurse do if a woman falls asleep between contractions during the second stage of labor?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Maintaining the woman's privacy during the second stage of labor is the correct answer because it is essential for promoting a sense of dignity and comfort during a vulnerable and intense time. Option A, providing a bedpan, is incorrect because it is not necessary if the woman is sleeping between contractions. She should be allowed to rest comfortably without unnecessary interruptions. Option C, assessing vital signs, is also incorrect in this scenario. While monitoring vital signs is important during labor, if the woman is sleeping between contractions, it is likely that her vital signs are stable. Option D, administering oxygen, is unnecessary if the woman is sleeping between contractions and her vital signs are stable. Oxygen administration is typically indicated for specific situations such as fetal distress or maternal hypoxia. In conclusion, maintaining the woman's privacy allows her to rest and conserve energy during the second stage of labor, promoting a positive birthing experience.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the case of a fetus in sacral presentation with the back towards the mother's right side, the correct placement for the fetal monitor is the right upper quadrant. This is because the fetal heart rate is best detected when the monitor is placed on the side of the fetal back, which is closer to the mother's right side in this scenario. Choice A (Left upper quadrant) is incorrect because placing the monitor on the left side would be farther away from the fetal back, making it more difficult to detect the fetal heart rate accurately. Choice B (Left lower quadrant) is also incorrect because this area is typically where the mother's own heart rate is most prominent, which could interfere with the accurate detection of the fetal heart rate. Choice D (Right lower quadrant) is incorrect because placing the monitor on the lower quadrant would not be ideal for detecting the fetal heart rate, as it is closer to the maternal pelvic region rather than the fetal back. In conclusion, the correct placement of the fetal monitor in the right upper quadrant allows for the most accurate detection of the fetal heart rate in the scenario of a fetus in sacral presentation with the back towards the mother's right side.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rupture of membranes is the correct answer because it indicates that the amniotic sac has broken, leading to leakage of amniotic fluid. This is a sign that labor may be starting, and it is crucial for the pregnant woman to seek medical attention to ensure the safety of both herself and the baby. This situation can lead to complications if not managed properly, such as infection or umbilical cord prolapse. Back pain (choice A) is a common symptom during pregnancy and is not necessarily a reason to go to the hospital unless it is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms such as bleeding or contractions. It could be due to the normal changes in the body during pregnancy or musculoskeletal issues. Expulsion of the mucus plug (choice C) is also a common occurrence as the body prepares for labor, but it is not a definitive sign that labor is imminent. It can regenerate or be expelled weeks before labor starts, so it is not a reliable indicator to prompt a hospital visit. Greenish fluid leakage (choice D) could indicate meconium-stained amniotic fluid, which may be a sign of fetal distress. However, it is not as urgent as rupture of membranes because it does not always mean immediate danger. It is still important to seek medical attention, but it is not as time-sensitive as a rupture of membranes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: To determine the frequency and duration of contractions occurring every 3 minutes and lasting 60 seconds, we need to break down each part of the question. First, let's address the frequency of contractions. The question states that the contractions are occurring every 3 minutes. This means that the time interval between each contraction is 3 minutes. Now, let's move on to the duration of the contractions. The question states that each contraction lasts 60 seconds. This means that the duration of each contraction is 60 seconds. Therefore, the correct answer is D: every 3 minutes and lasting 60 seconds. This choice accurately reflects the information provided in the question. Now, let's analyze the incorrect answer choices: A: q 2 min 60 sec - This choice states that the contractions occur every 2 minutes and last 60 seconds. However, the question specifies that the contractions occur every 3 minutes, so this choice is incorrect. B: q 4 min 120 sec - This choice states that the contractions occur every 4 minutes and last 120 seconds. Again, this does not align with the information provided in the question, making this choice incorrect. C: q 3 min 120 sec - This choice states that the contractions occur every 3 minutes and last 120 seconds. However, the question specifies that each contraction lasts 60 seconds, not 120 seconds. Therefore, this choice is also incorrect. In conclusion, the correct answer is D because it accurately reflects the information provided in the question regarding the frequency and duration of the contractions. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not align with the information given in the question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The obstetric conjugate is the shortest anterior-posterior diameter of the pelvis. This measurement is important in obstetrics as it helps determine if the pelvis is large enough for the baby to pass through during childbirth. Choice B, diameter of the flexed fetal head, is incorrect because it refers to the occipitofrontal diameter, which is the measurement from the back of the baby's head to the forehead. This measurement is important in determining the position of the baby's head during childbirth, but it is not the obstetric conjugate. Choice C, average dilation at the beginning of labor, is incorrect because it refers to cervical dilation, which is the opening of the cervix during labor to allow the baby to pass through. This measurement is not related to the obstetric conjugate, which specifically refers to the pelvis. Choice D, area formed as a result of cervical effacement, is incorrect because it refers to the thinning of the cervix during labor, which allows the baby to pass through the birth canal. This measurement is also not related to the obstetric conjugate, which specifically refers to the pelvis. In summary, the obstetric conjugate is the shortest anterior-posterior diameter of the pelvis, which is important in determining if the pelvis is large enough for the baby to pass through during childbirth.