ATI RN
Biological Basis of Behavior Questions
Question 1 of 5
What should a nurse do when faced with a suspected case of human trafficking?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of the Biological Basis of Behavior exam, it is crucial for nurses to understand the ethical and legal implications of encountering a suspected case of human trafficking. Option B, which suggests notifying local law enforcement immediately, is the correct choice. Nurses have a duty to protect the well-being of their patients, and human trafficking is a serious crime that requires immediate intervention by law enforcement professionals who are trained to handle such cases. Option A, discreetly ignoring the situation, is ethically irresponsible as it neglects the duty of care towards the victim. Human trafficking victims are in dire need of help and ignoring their plight only perpetuates their suffering. Option C, questioning the suspected victim aggressively, can further traumatize the individual and compromise their trust in healthcare providers. This approach can also jeopardize the legal process if evidence is mishandled. Option D, offering the suspected victim a job to help them escape, is not appropriate as it can put the victim in further danger and may not address the complex issues surrounding human trafficking. Nurses need to be aware of the appropriate steps to take when encountering such situations, which includes following established protocols and working collaboratively with law enforcement and other relevant agencies to ensure the safety and well-being of the victim. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of ethical decision-making, legal responsibilities, and interprofessional collaboration in healthcare settings. It underscores the need for healthcare professionals to be vigilant, informed, and proactive in identifying and responding to cases of human trafficking to effectively advocate for the rights and safety of vulnerable individuals.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following types of antipsychotic medications is most likely to produce extrapyramidal effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The conventional, or first-generation, antipsychotic drugs are potent antagonists of D2, D3, and D4. This makes them effective in treating target symptoms but also produces many extrapyramidal side effects because of the blocking of the D2 receptors. Newer, atypical or second-generation antipsychotic drugs are relatively weak blockers of D2, which may account for the lower incidence of extrapyramidal side effects.
Question 3 of 5
A client with severe and persistent mental illness has been taking antipsychotic medication for 20 years. The nurse observes that the client's behavior includes repetitive movements of the mouth and tongue, facial grimacing, and rocking back and forth. The nurse recognizes these behaviors as indicative of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications, characterized by involuntary repetitive movements of the face and body. In this case, the client's 20-year history of antipsychotic use aligns with the development of tardive dyskinesia. Option A) extrapyramidal side effects are a broader category of side effects caused by antipsychotic medications, which can include tardive dyskinesia but also other movement disorders. Since the question specifically describes symptoms consistent with tardive dyskinesia, this option is not the most specific answer. Option B) loss of voluntary muscle control is not an accurate description of the specific movement disorder presented in the client's behavior. Tardive dyskinesia involves involuntary movements rather than a complete loss of voluntary muscle control. Option C) posturing refers to assuming a fixed or distorted bodily position, which is not reflective of the symptoms described in the client's behavior. Educationally, understanding the side effects of long-term antipsychotic use, such as tardive dyskinesia, is crucial for healthcare providers working with clients with severe and persistent mental illness. Recognizing these side effects allows for timely intervention and management to improve the client's quality of life.
Question 4 of 5
A client on the unit suddenly cries out in fear. The nurse notices that the client's head is twisted to one side, his back is arched, and his eyes have rolled back in their sockets. The client has recently begun drug therapy with haloperidol (Haldol). Based on this assessment, the first action of the nurse would be to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct first action for the nurse is to administer a sedative to calm the client (option D). This is because the client is displaying symptoms of acute dystonia, a side effect of haloperidol which is characterized by sustained muscle contractions causing abnormal postures. Administering a sedative like benzodiazepines can help alleviate these symptoms quickly and effectively. Option A is incorrect because obtaining a serum drug level would not address the immediate need to calm the client. Option B is incorrect as holding the medication would not provide immediate relief for the distressing symptoms. Option C is also incorrect as it delays the necessary intervention of calming the client first. From an educational standpoint, understanding the side effects of psychotropic medications like haloperidol is crucial for nurses working in psychiatric settings. Recognizing and managing acute dystonia promptly is essential to ensure patient safety and well-being. Nurses should be trained to respond quickly and appropriately to medication side effects to provide optimal care for clients.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse has completed health teaching about dietary restrictions for a client taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The nurse will know that teaching has been effective by which of the following client statements?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, option C is the correct answer because it demonstrates the client's understanding of the dietary restrictions associated with taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). MAOIs interact with certain foods, such as pepperoni, that contain high levels of tyramine. Consuming these foods while on MAOIs can lead to a hypertensive crisis, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, the client acknowledging the difficulty of avoiding pepperoni shows a good grasp of the potential consequences of not following the prescribed diet. Option A is incorrect because it shows a lack of understanding of the dietary restrictions, as pizza often contains ingredients like pepperoni that are contraindicated with MAOIs. Option B is incorrect because it focuses on the consequence of not following the diet rather than understanding the rationale behind the restrictions. Option D is incorrect because chocolate also contains tyramine and should be avoided or consumed in very limited quantities while on MAOIs. From an educational perspective, this question assesses the client's comprehension of crucial information regarding MAOI dietary restrictions. It highlights the importance of patient education in medication management to prevent adverse reactions and ensure treatment effectiveness. By understanding the rationale behind dietary restrictions, clients can actively participate in their care and make informed decisions to promote their health and well-being.