What role is the nurse assuming when assisting a client to cope with emotional problems?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Counselor. Nurses provide emotional support and guidance to help clients cope with their emotional problems. Counseling involves active listening, empathy, and skillful communication to help clients explore their feelings and develop coping strategies. Advocacy (A) involves speaking on behalf of the client, teaching (B) involves educating clients about their health, and leadership (D) involves guiding and directing a group or team, which are not directly related to helping clients cope with emotional problems.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because asking the client to take a deep breath and hold it before removing the NGT helps prevent aspiration of the tube contents into the lungs. This action creates positive pressure in the chest, reducing the risk of aspiration. A: Confirming the physician's order is important but not directly related to the physical act of removing the NGT. C: Pinching the tube with a gloved hand is unnecessary and may cause discomfort or damage to the tube. D: Asking the client to exhale while removing the tube may increase the risk of aspiration as it creates negative pressure in the chest.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a normal oxygen saturation range is between 95-98%. This range indicates adequate oxygen levels in arterial blood. Choice B is incorrect because oximetry measures oxygen saturation of arterial blood, not venous blood. Choice C is incorrect as fasting is not required for pulse oximetry. Choice D is incorrect as pulse oximetry is a non-invasive tool used for quick oxygen saturation monitoring, not a replacement for arterial blood gas analysis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decrease PN rate to 50 mL/hour. This is because as Elise transitions to solid food, her need for parenteral nutrition will decrease. Decreasing the PN rate to 50 mL/hour gradually weans her off PN while ensuring she is still receiving some nutrition. Choice A is incorrect as abruptly discontinuing PN can lead to nutritional deficiencies and potential complications. Choice C is incorrect as starting normal saline is unrelated to the weaning process from PN. Choice D is incorrect as continuing the current infusion rate would not facilitate the transition to solid food.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Physical activity. Lifestyle-related diseases, such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes, are often linked to common risk factors like smoking, genetics, and poor nutrition. However, physical activity is not a risk factor but rather a protective factor that can help prevent these diseases. Regular exercise can improve cardiovascular health, manage weight, and reduce the risk of chronic conditions. Therefore, physical activity does not fit the criteria of a common risk factor shared by lifestyle-related diseases. Smoking, genetics, and poor nutrition are directly associated with an increased risk of developing such diseases.