What produces “volatile organic compounds”?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Microorganisms. Microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as a byproduct of their metabolic processes. VOCs are released into the air and can have various effects on health and the environment. Feces (A) do not produce VOCs directly, gasoline (B) is a chemical compound, not a biological organism, and bleach (C) is a chemical disinfectant that does not produce VOCs in the same way as microorganisms do. Therefore, the correct answer is D because microorganisms are a known source of VOCs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) because NIOSH is specifically tasked with conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related illnesses and injuries. They establish exposure limits through rigorous scientific research and collaboration with experts in the field. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The Environmental Protection Agency regulates environmental standards, not specifically occupational exposure limits. B: The Centers for Disease Control focuses on public health and disease prevention, not occupational exposure limits. C: The National Institute for Environmental Health Science focuses on environmental health research but does not set specific occupational exposure limits.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Playing sports. Traumatic brain injuries in the young often occur during high-impact sports due to falls, collisions, or blows to the head. This is supported by research showing a high incidence of sports-related head injuries in youth. Driving cars (B) can also lead to head injuries, but it is not as common in the young. Scuba diving (C) can cause decompression sickness but is less likely to result in a traumatic brain injury. Suffocation (D) can lead to brain damage, but it is not typically associated with traumatic brain injury in the young.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it lists the three main types of health and safety program interventions: engineering, administrative, and behavioral. Engineering interventions involve modifying the workplace environment or equipment to reduce risks. Administrative interventions focus on implementing policies and procedures to manage safety. Behavioral interventions target changing employee behavior to promote safer practices. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the three main types of interventions in health and safety programs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because safety performance is influenced by the interaction of Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity. Ability represents the skills and knowledge to perform safely, Motivation reflects the willingness and drive to prioritize safety, and Opportunity refers to the resources and support available to maintain a safe environment. Multiplying these factors signifies their combined effect on safety performance. Option B (Ability + Motivation + Opportunity) is incorrect as it implies a simple addition of factors, which does not capture the interconnected nature of these components. Option C (Skill + Knowledge + Ability) is incorrect as it fails to include Motivation and Opportunity, which are crucial aspects of safety performance. Option D (Skill x Knowledge x Ability) is incorrect as it focuses solely on individual attributes rather than considering the dynamic interplay of Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity.