ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What problem should the nurse assess the patient for if the patient was on prolonged antibiotic therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Elevated serum ammonia levels. Prolonged antibiotic therapy can lead to disruption of normal gut flora, causing overgrowth of ammonia-producing bacteria. Elevated serum ammonia levels can indicate hepatic encephalopathy, a serious condition that requires immediate intervention. Coagulation problems (A) are more commonly associated with liver disease or vitamin deficiencies. Impaired absorption of amino acids (B) is typically seen in conditions like celiac disease or gastrointestinal disorders, not specifically related to prolonged antibiotic use. Increased mucus and bicarbonate secretion (D) are not directly related to prolonged antibiotic therapy, but rather to respiratory or gastrointestinal conditions.
Question 2 of 5
Priority Decision: A patient treated for vomiting is to begin oral intake when the symptoms have subside To promote rehydration
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The priority is to administer fluids to rehydrate the patient. Step 2: Intravenous fluids are not mentioned, so the nurse should start with oral fluids. Step 3: Option A is the most appropriate choice as it addresses the need for fluid intake to promote rehydration. Step 4: Water (Option B) lacks electrolytes that aid in rehydration. Step 5: Hot tea (Option C) may irritate the stomach and not provide adequate hydration. Step 6: Gatorade (Option D) contains electrolytes but may be too heavy for initial rehydration.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is hospitalized with symptoms of a perforation. During the initial assessment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Projectile vomiting of undigested food. In a patient with a perforated peptic ulcer, the sudden opening in the stomach lining allows food to pass into the abdominal cavity, leading to projectile vomiting of undigested food. This symptom is a classic sign of a perforation and requires immediate medical attention. Choice A is incorrect because vomiting of bright-red blood is more indicative of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, not a perforation. Choice B is incorrect as vomiting undigested food is more common in conditions like gastroparesis, not perforated ulcers. Choice D is incorrect as severe upper abdominal pain and back pain are symptoms of a perforation but not as specific as projectile vomiting of undigested food.
Question 4 of 5
The patient has peritonitis, which is a major complication of appendicitis. What treatment will the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: IV fluid replacement. IV fluids are essential in managing peritonitis to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance. It helps to support the patient's circulation and prevent shock. Peritoneal lavage (choice A) is not typically used in the treatment of peritonitis. Peritoneal dialysis (choice B) is used for kidney failure, not peritonitis. Increased oral fluid intake (choice D) may not be sufficient in cases of peritonitis where IV fluids are needed for rapid rehydration and support.
Question 5 of 5
An 82-year-old man is admitted with an acute attack of diverticulitis. What should the nurse include in his care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor for signs of peritonitis. Peritonitis is a serious complication of diverticulitis that can result from a rupture of inflamed diverticula leading to abdominal infection. Monitoring for signs such as severe abdominal pain, rigidity, and fever is crucial for early detection and prompt intervention. Option B is incorrect as daily medicated enemas are not the standard treatment for diverticulitis. Option C is also incorrect as surgery is usually reserved for complicated cases or recurrent attacks. Option D is incorrect because applying a heating pad may exacerbate inflammation and is not recommended in diverticulitis management.