ATI RN
Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What preoperative instruction should the nurse give to the patient scheduled for a subtotal thyroidectomy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A) How to support the head with the hands when turning in bed. This instruction is crucial for a patient undergoing a subtotal thyroidectomy as it helps prevent strain on the surgical site and minimizes the risk of complications such as excessive tension on the incision, which can lead to dehiscence or delayed healing. Proper head support also ensures the patient's comfort and safety during movements, promoting optimal recovery. Option B) Coughing should be avoided to prevent pressure on the incision is incorrect. While coughing should be minimized to reduce strain on the incision site, complete avoidance of coughing is not practical or advisable as it is a natural reflex that helps clear the airways. Patients are encouraged to use appropriate coughing techniques to minimize discomfort without compromising respiratory function. Option C) Head and neck will need to remain immobile until the incision heals is incorrect. While some degree of immobility may be necessary immediately post-op, complete immobilization of the head and neck can lead to stiffness, muscle atrophy, and other complications. Controlled and gentle movements, along with proper support as mentioned in option A, are typically recommended to prevent such issues. Option D) Any tingling around the lips or in the fingers after surgery is expected and temporary is incorrect. Tingling sensations around the lips or in the fingers can indicate potential nerve damage or compromise, which should be promptly reported to healthcare providers for further evaluation and intervention. Such symptoms should not be dismissed as expected or temporary without proper assessment to prevent long-term complications. In an educational context, it is essential for healthcare professionals to provide accurate and detailed preoperative instructions to patients undergoing surgical procedures to ensure their safety, promote optimal recovery, and empower them to actively participate in their care. Understanding the rationale behind each instruction enables patients to make informed decisions and adhere to the prescribed guidelines effectively, contributing to better outcomes and overall patient satisfaction.
Question 2 of 5
Mrs. Crane, an insulin-dependent diabetic, is scheduled for general surgery. The nurse's preoperative teaching should place special emphasis on
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) adjusting insulin requirements. The rationale behind this choice is that Mrs. Crane, being an insulin-dependent diabetic, is at risk of experiencing fluctuations in her blood sugar levels during and after surgery. Surgery and anesthesia can impact the body's stress response, leading to changes in glucose metabolism. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to educate Mrs. Crane on the importance of adjusting her insulin requirements to maintain optimal blood glucose levels. Option A) pain medications available postoperatively, while important for managing pain after surgery, is not the priority for an insulin-dependent diabetic like Mrs. Crane. Option B) coughing and deep breathing and Option C) early ambulation are essential aspects of postoperative care for general surgery patients, but they do not directly address the specific needs of a diabetic patient like Mrs. Crane. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of individualized care for patients with chronic conditions like diabetes. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers, including nurses, to have specialized knowledge and skills to address the unique needs of patients with comorbidities during perioperative care. By focusing on adjusting insulin requirements, the nurse can help Mrs. Crane have a smoother surgical experience and reduce the risk of complications related to her diabetes.
Question 3 of 5
Mrs. A., a 50-year-old female, has had symptoms of Cushing syndrome for several years. Mrs. A. states she is 5'5\ tall and weighs 160 lb but the nurse who measured and weighed Mrs. A. states she is only 5' tall. What is the best explanation for this discrepancy?"
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Osteoporosis and kyphosis have caused height loss. This is the best explanation for the discrepancy between Mrs. A.'s stated height and the height measured by the nurse. Osteoporosis can lead to bone density loss and compression fractures, resulting in a decrease in height. Kyphosis, a forward curvature of the spine, is commonly associated with osteoporosis in older adults and can further contribute to height loss. Option A) Mrs. A. is old and forgetful, is incorrect as it does not address the physical reasons for the height discrepancy. Option B) Mrs. A. has had previous back surgery, is incorrect as there is no indication in the scenario that back surgery would impact Mrs. A.'s height measurement. Option C) The nurse has measured Mrs. A. incorrectly, is incorrect as the discrepancy is more likely due to a physical condition affecting Mrs. A.'s height rather than a measurement error. From an educational standpoint, this question highlights the importance of considering underlying medical conditions when assessing patients. It emphasizes the impact of conditions like osteoporosis and kyphosis on physical measurements and the need for healthcare providers to be aware of these factors when evaluating patients. Understanding these connections is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.
Question 4 of 5
Addison's disease frequently causes skin pigment changes. When teaching the patient about medications used for Addison's disease, it is important that he or she understands:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context of managing Addison's disease, it is crucial for the patient to understand that the medications used to treat this condition typically need to be continued for life. Option C is the correct choice because Addison's disease is a chronic condition characterized by the adrenal glands not producing enough cortisol and sometimes aldosterone. Medications such as corticosteroids are usually prescribed to replace these hormones indefinitely. Option A, to take plenty of water with the medication, is not directly related to the long-term management of Addison's disease. While hydration is important for overall health, it is not a specific requirement for taking medications for this condition. Option B, proper subcutaneous injection technique, is important for patients who need to administer medications via injections, but it is not directly related to the duration of treatment for Addison's disease. Option D, that medications can be stopped when symptoms abate, is incorrect. Stopping medications for Addison's disease abruptly can lead to a life-threatening adrenal crisis due to the sudden drop in hormone levels. This misconception could be dangerous for the patient if followed. Educationally, understanding the chronic nature of Addison's disease and the lifelong need for medication adherence is essential for patients to effectively manage their condition and prevent complications. It is important for healthcare providers to educate patients about the long-term nature of treatment to ensure optimal outcomes and quality of life.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data about the diet history of a client who has low blood sugar. Which of the following would be an important consideration in the diet history?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of a client with low blood sugar, the most important consideration in the diet history is the consumption of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy and play a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. Consuming carbohydrates helps to replenish glycogen stores in the liver and muscles, which can prevent or alleviate episodes of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Option A, consumption of health foods, is too vague and does not specifically address the issue of low blood sugar. While a balanced and healthy diet is important for overall health, it does not directly address the immediate concern of managing low blood sugar. Option B, consumption of sea salt and kelp, is incorrect as these items do not have a direct impact on blood sugar levels. Sea salt and kelp may provide certain minerals, but they are not primary sources of carbohydrates needed to raise blood sugar levels in cases of hypoglycemia. Option C, consumption of seafood, is also unrelated to the immediate issue of low blood sugar. Seafood is a good source of protein and certain nutrients, but it does not provide the immediate energy in the form of carbohydrates that is needed to address low blood sugar levels. In an educational context, understanding the role of different nutrients in managing various health conditions is crucial for healthcare professionals like nurses. By knowing the importance of carbohydrates in regulating blood sugar levels, nurses can provide appropriate dietary recommendations to clients with low blood sugar to help them maintain optimal health and well-being.