What practice is being implemented by the occupational health nurse (OHN) who periodically conducts spirometry testing of employees working with hazardous gases?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary prevention. Spirometry testing by the OHN aims to detect early signs of respiratory issues in employees exposed to hazardous gases, preventing further health deterioration. This falls under secondary prevention, as it involves early detection and intervention to reduce the impact of the disease. Primary prevention (A) focuses on preventing disease before it occurs, while tertiary prevention (C) and tertiary care (D) are aimed at managing and treating existing health conditions. Conducting spirometry testing aligns with the goal of secondary prevention, making it the most suitable choice in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Health promotion is distinct from health protection because it focuses on empowering individuals to have increased control over factors influencing their health. This includes education, lifestyle changes, and creating supportive environments. Choice A is incorrect as quality of care is not the primary focus of health promotion. Choice C is incorrect as health promotion is not limited to the delivery of care by healthcare providers. Choice D is incorrect as health promotion is broader than just social marketing campaigns, encompassing a range of strategies to improve health outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immunizations. Healthy public policies are those that promote and protect health at a population level. Immunizations are a classic example as they prevent the spread of infectious diseases, reduce healthcare costs, and improve overall community health outcomes. Immunizations align with the role of a community health nurse as an advocate for public policy that benefits the community's health. Choice B (Behaviour change) is not a public policy but rather an individual-level intervention. Choice C (Marketing materials) is not a public policy related to health promotion. Choice D (Crib/bed safety initiatives for infants and young children) is important for child safety, but it does not fall under the category of a healthy public policy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because health promotion in Canada focuses on addressing factors that influence health at the population level, known as determinants of health. This approach is more comprehensive and sustainable compared to focusing solely on individual health status (choice D). Achieving consensus on community health needs (choice A) is important but not the primary focus of health promotion. Dictating interventions based on government priorities (choice C) does not align with the principles of health promotion, which emphasize equity and empowerment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Current research findings. Research findings provide evidence-based information that is supported by rigorous scientific methods, ensuring credibility and accuracy. By using current research, the health care provider can make informed decisions based on the most up-to-date and relevant information. Published protocols (A) may be valuable, but they can become outdated and may not always reflect the latest evidence. Colleagues' opinions (C) are subjective and may not be based on scientific evidence. Media reports (D) can be sensationalized and often lack the depth and accuracy required for evidence-informed practice.