What practice is being implemented by the occupational health nurse (OHN) who periodically conducts spirometry testing of employees working with hazardous gases?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary prevention. The OHN conducting spirometry testing for employees working with hazardous gases is practicing secondary prevention. This is because spirometry testing helps in early detection of lung function abnormalities, allowing for timely interventions to prevent further health deterioration. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the onset of a disease, while tertiary prevention involves managing and treating existing conditions. Tertiary care typically refers to specialized medical treatment for complex health issues, which is not the main focus of spirometry testing in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Absence of culturally appropriate care. Mexican migrant farm workers are more likely to face this barrier due to language differences, cultural beliefs, and lack of understanding of their unique needs. This can lead to miscommunication, lack of trust, and inadequate care. Option B, availability of specialists, may not be a specific barrier for Mexican migrant farm workers. Option C, distance of health care facilities, is a common barrier for rural residents in general. Option D, lack of anonymity, is not necessarily a significant barrier specific to Mexican migrant farm workers.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because drafting policies for increases in noncompetitive physical activity programs aligns with primary prevention efforts by promoting exercise at a community level. This approach targets a wider population and aims to prevent weight-related issues from occurring in the first place. A is incorrect because developing individualized exercise programs for overweight children is more of a secondary prevention strategy rather than primary prevention. C is incorrect as monitoring body mass index in children is important but falls under early detection rather than primary prevention. D is incorrect as notifying parents of their child's height-weight scale in comparison with national norms is more about raising awareness rather than implementing primary prevention strategies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Health promotion focuses on enabling increased control over determinants of health, such as individual behaviors, social and economic factors, and environmental conditions. This empowers individuals and communities to make healthier choices and improve overall health outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as it confuses health promotion with quality assurance in healthcare. Choice D is incorrect as it describes healthcare delivery, not health promotion. Choice B is incorrect as it does not provide any relevant information about the distinction between health promotion and health protection.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because during the contemplation stage, the client is actively thinking about changing their behavior within the next 6 months. This indicates a higher level of readiness and intention compared to the precontemplation stage where the client is not yet considering changing their behavior. Choice A is incorrect because the contemplation stage involves considering behavior change within the next 6 months. Choice B is incorrect as the contemplation stage actually signifies a moderate readiness for change. Choice C is incorrect as the precontemplation stage reflects a lack of readiness to change behavior.