What postpartum infection can be transferred between the breast-feeding person and newborn if both are not treated appropriately?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of postpartum complications, it is crucial to understand the potential risks associated with breastfeeding. The correct answer is C) thrush. Thrush is a fungal infection caused by Candida albicans that can be transmitted between the breastfeeding person and the newborn if not treated appropriately. This infection can present as white patches in the infant's mouth or on the mother's nipples, causing pain and discomfort for both. Option A) wound infection typically refers to infections at the site of a surgical incision or tear during childbirth and is not directly related to breastfeeding transmission. Option B) urinary tract infection is a common postpartum complication but is not typically transmitted between the breastfeeding person and the newborn. Option D) mastitis is a breast infection that can occur in breastfeeding individuals due to blocked milk ducts or bacteria entering the breast tissue. While mastitis is a common postpartum complication related to breastfeeding, it is not typically transmitted directly between the breastfeeding person and the newborn. Understanding these distinctions is essential for healthcare providers and caregivers to provide appropriate care and prevent the spread of infections during the postpartum period. Educating individuals about the signs, symptoms, and proper treatment of postpartum infections like thrush is crucial for promoting maternal and infant health during the breastfeeding journey.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of postpartum wound infection management, the correct nursing intervention to include in the plan of care for a person with a wound infection is to assess for REEDA. "REEDA" stands for Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, and Approximation - these are parameters used to assess the healing progression of a wound. Rationale for the correct answer (B): Assessing for REEDA allows the nurse to monitor the signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, pain, warmth, and abnormal discharge from the wound. This assessment is crucial in early detection of wound complications, guiding appropriate interventions, and preventing further infection spread. Rationales for incorrect options: A) Reassuring the postpartum person that infection will resolve without antibiotics is incorrect because wound infections often require proper medical intervention, including antibiotics, to prevent complications. C) Waiting until the temperature reaches 99.0°F to call the healthcare provider is incorrect as fever is a late sign of infection, and immediate action is required to address wound infections promptly. D) Vigorously scrubbing the incision with soap and water is incorrect as this could exacerbate the infection, cause further tissue damage, and increase the risk of complications. Educational context: Understanding the importance of wound assessment, early detection of infection signs, and appropriate nursing interventions is crucial in providing safe and effective care to postpartum individuals. Nurses need to have the knowledge and skills to recognize abnormal wound healing, implement evidence-based interventions, and collaborate with the healthcare team to promote optimal recovery and prevent complications in postpartum care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of postpartum endometritis, which is an infection of the uterine lining following childbirth, the correct nursing intervention of monitoring for signs of sepsis (Option A) is crucial. Endometritis can lead to systemic infection, including sepsis, which is a life-threatening condition. By monitoring for signs of sepsis such as fever, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, and altered mental status, the nurse can promptly identify and initiate appropriate treatment to prevent further complications. Option B, discouraging breastfeeding, is incorrect. Breastfeeding is not contraindicated in cases of endometritis unless there are specific reasons such as the mother being on medications that are unsafe for the baby. Option C, avoiding fundal assessment, is also incorrect. Fundal assessment is important postpartum to monitor uterine involution and to detect any abnormalities such as excessive bleeding that may indicate complications like hemorrhage, not specifically related to endometritis. Option D, increasing family visiting hours, is not a priority intervention for a person with postpartum endometritis. While family support is important, the immediate focus should be on monitoring for and managing the infection to prevent further complications. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind each nursing intervention is crucial for providing safe and effective care to patients. Nurses need to prioritize interventions based on the patient's condition and the potential risks involved to ensure optimal outcomes. Monitoring for signs of sepsis in a person with postpartum endometritis is a critical nursing intervention that can ultimately save lives by enabling early detection and treatment of a potentially life-threatening complication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), a late (secondary) PPH typically occurs 24 hours to 12 weeks after delivery. The correct answer, option B, stating that it is caused by subinvolution of the uterus, is accurate. Subinvolution refers to the delayed return of the uterus to its normal non-pregnant size after childbirth, leading to prolonged bleeding. Option A is incorrect because PPH that occurs within the first 24 hours is classified as an early (primary) PPH. Option C is incorrect as late PPH can occur after any type of delivery, including cesarean births. Option D is also incorrect as Methergine is a common medication used to treat PPH, including late PPH, as it helps in uterine contraction to control bleeding. Understanding the timing and causes of different types of PPH is crucial for healthcare providers involved in maternal care. Recognizing the characteristics of late PPH helps in early identification and appropriate management to prevent complications and ensure maternal well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of postpartum complications, uterine atony is a significant concern due to its association with postpartum hemorrhage. Uterine atony occurs when the uterus fails to contract effectively after childbirth, leading to excessive bleeding. Multiple gestation (Option C) is a risk factor for uterine atony because the uterus is often distended and larger in multiple gestations, making it more difficult for the uterus to contract effectively and leading to an increased risk of atony. Options A, B, and D are not directly related to uterine atony. Being small for gestational age (Option A) does not inherently increase the risk of uterine atony. Primiparity (Option B), or being a first-time mother, is not a direct risk factor for uterine atony, although primiparas may have a slightly higher risk of postpartum hemorrhage in general. Intrauterine growth restriction (Option D) is a condition where a fetus does not reach its growth potential in the uterus, but it is not a direct risk factor for uterine atony. Understanding risk factors for postpartum complications like uterine atony is crucial for healthcare providers involved in maternal care. By recognizing these risk factors, healthcare professionals can implement preventive measures and interventions to manage and reduce the incidence of complications, ensuring better outcomes for both mother and baby.