What point in the pregnancy is the most accurate time to determine gestational age through ultrasound?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: First trimester. During the first trimester, gestational age can be accurately determined through ultrasound by measuring the crown-rump length of the fetus. This measurement is most accurate during this time as the fetus is small and growth is consistent. In the second and third trimesters, other factors such as fetal growth variations and positioning can affect the accuracy of gestational age determination. Therefore, the first trimester is the most accurate time for determining gestational age through ultrasound. Other choices are incorrect because the precision of ultrasound measurements decreases as pregnancy progresses, making the first trimester the optimal window for accurate gestational age assessment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Information about the tests. The nurse's role in diagnostic testing is to educate the couple about the purpose, procedure, risks, and benefits of the tests. This empowers them to make informed decisions. Providing advice (A) may be beyond the nurse's scope. Reassurance about fetal safety (C) is important but not the primary role. While the nurse may assist with decision-making (D), the key focus should be on providing comprehensive information.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Determine fetal lung maturity. At 34 weeks of gestation, assessing fetal lung maturity is crucial to determine if the baby's lungs are developed enough for safe delivery. Amniocentesis can provide amniotic fluid for testing lung maturity. Choice A is incorrect as metabolic disorders are not typically assessed through amniocentesis. Choice B is incorrect as determining fetal sex is not the primary purpose of amniocentesis at this gestational age. Choice C is incorrect as identifying abnormal fetal cells is not the main goal of amniocentesis in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reactive. In a nonstress test, a reactive result is considered normal and indicates a healthy fetus. This is because it shows two or more fetal heart rate accelerations of 15 or more BPM with fetal movement in a 20-minute period, which signifies a responsive and healthy fetal heart rate pattern. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Positive typically indicates a concerning result in medical contexts. B: Negative signifies an abnormal result in this context. D: Nonreactive suggests a lack of desired fetal heart rate accelerations with movement, which is not ideal.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: A score of 8 would indicate normal results. In a biophysical profile, each component is scored as either 0 or 2, totaling a maximum of 10. In this case, the patient has: 0 for NST, 2 for FBMs, 1 for gross movements, 2 for fetal tone, and 2 for AFI, totaling 7. However, if there are at least 2 episodes of FBMs, this component is given a score of 2. Therefore, the correct total score is 8. This score indicates normal results, as it meets the criteria for a reassuring biophysical profile. Incorrect Choices: A: A score of 10 would indicate that the results are equivocal - This is incorrect as a score of 10 would indicate normal results, not equivocal. C: A score of 6 would indicate that birth should be considered as a possible treatment option - This is incorrect, as a score