ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
What physiologically occurs with vomiting?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because vomiting involves the coordination of various structures and processes. The glottis closes to prevent aspiration, respiratory expiration aids in expelling contents, pylorus relaxes to allow stomach contents to move upward, and lower esophageal sphincter closes to prevent reflux. Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect - Metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, is commonly associated with persistent vomiting due to loss of hydrochloric acid. B: Incorrect - Stimulation of the vomiting center by the CTZ is commonly triggered by chemicals/toxins, not stretch and distention of hollow organs. D: Incorrect - The parasympathetic nervous system stimulation occurs after the act of vomiting to aid in clearing the stomach.
Question 2 of 5
Priority Decision: A patient with a gunshot wound to the abdomen complains of increasing abdominal pain several hours after surgery to repair the bowel. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Notify the health care provider. In this scenario, the patient's increasing abdominal pain after surgery could indicate a complication or deterioration in their condition. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately allows for prompt assessment and intervention to prevent further harm. Taking vital signs (choice A) can provide important information but may not address the underlying issue. Positioning the patient with knees flexed (choice C) and determining IV intake (choice D) are important, but addressing the worsening abdominal pain takes precedence.
Question 3 of 5
What information should be included when the nurse teaches a patient about colostomy irrigation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because hanging the irrigation bag about 36 inches above the stoma ensures a slow, steady flow of irrigation solution. This allows for proper irrigation without causing discomfort or complications. If the bag is too high or too low, it can lead to issues such as cramping, leakage, or inadequate irrigation. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not address the proper positioning of the irrigation bag, which is crucial for a successful colostomy irrigation procedure.
Question 4 of 5
The occurrence of acute liver failure is most common in which situation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Use of acetaminophen with alcohol abuse. Acute liver failure is most commonly seen in individuals who consume excessive amounts of acetaminophen, especially when combined with alcohol. Acetaminophen overdose can cause severe liver damage, and alcohol abuse can further exacerbate the toxicity. Choice A (An individual with hepatitis A) is incorrect because hepatitis A typically does not lead to acute liver failure. Choice B (An individual with hepatitis C) is also incorrect as hepatitis C usually causes chronic liver disease rather than acute liver failure. Choice C (Antihypertensive medication use) is not a common cause of acute liver failure compared to acetaminophen and alcohol abuse.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with cirrhosis asks the nurse about the possibility of a liver transplant. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because cirrhosis is indeed an indication for transplantation in some cases. By responding with option D, the nurse acknowledges the patient's question, provides accurate information, and encourages the patient to discuss the possibility of a liver transplant with their doctor. Option A is incorrect because age is not the only factor considered for liver transplants; the severity of the liver disease matters. Option B doesn't provide specific guidance and redirects responsibility. Option C is incorrect as rejection is a manageable risk in liver transplants, and cirrhosis patients can undergo transplantation successfully.