What phrase best describes the science of nursing?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, body of nursing knowledge. Nursing is not solely about clinical skills, as it encompasses a vast knowledge base. This includes theories, research, and evidence-based practices. Holistic patient care (choice C) is an essential aspect of nursing but does not fully encapsulate the science of nursing. While individualized nursing care (choice D) is crucial, it focuses more on the application rather than the knowledge behind it. Therefore, the best description of the science of nursing is the body of nursing knowledge, as it encompasses the theoretical foundation that guides nursing practice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that certain needs are more fundamental and must be satisfied before higher-level needs can be addressed. This theory suggests that individuals must fulfill physiological and safety needs before progressing to social, esteem, and self-actualization needs. By prioritizing basic needs first, individuals can achieve a sense of fulfillment and well-being. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the hierarchical nature of Maslow's theory, which emphasizes the importance of meeting lower-level needs before advancing to higher-level ones.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Code of Ethics. Nurses use the Code of Ethics as a framework for practice because it provides guidelines on ethical decision-making and professional expectations. The Code outlines the values, duties, and responsibilities of nurses, ensuring they uphold ethical standards in patient care. B: Standards of Care focus on the quality and safety of patient care, not specifically on ethical decision-making. C: Definition of Nursing describes the scope and role of nursing practice but does not specifically address ethical decision-making. D: Values Clarification is a process to help individuals identify their own values and beliefs, but it does not serve as a professional framework for nursing practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: negligence. Negligence refers to the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have in a similar situation. In this case, the nurse failed to assist with ambulation, which resulted in harm to the patient. The charge of negligence would be appropriate as the nurse did not fulfill their duty of care to prevent harm to the patient. The other choices are incorrect: A: Assault involves intentional acts that cause a person to fear that they will be physically harmed. The nurse did not intend for the patient to fall. B: Battery involves intentional harmful or offensive contact with another person without their consent. The nurse did not intentionally cause harm to the patient. C: Fraud involves intentional deception for personal gain. There is no evidence of intentional deception in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Include the patient and family as partners. This strategy promotes collaboration and empowers the patient and family in decision-making, leading to better understanding and compliance. It fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility for their health. Summary: B: Using short, simple sentences is helpful but may not address the root cause of non-compliance. C: Providing verbal instruction alone may not engage the patient and family effectively. D: Maintaining a clear role as the authority may create a barrier to open communication and shared decision-making.