ATI RN
Questions On The Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What percentage of the urine is water?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urine is ~95% water rest solutes (e.g., urea, ions ~5%). 100% ignores solutes false. 90% underestimates water too low. 85% overestimates solutes incorrect. 95% distinguishes it, critical for urine composition, unlike absolute or skewed estimates.
Question 2 of 5
Capillaries in the glomerulus, at the glomerular capsule:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glomerular capillaries have larger pores fenestrated (e.g., allow plasma filtration, not cells/proteins). Shorter length is false longer for GFR. Innervation is minimal not functional trait. Na absorption is tubular not glomerular. Pore size distinguishes it, key to filtration selectivity, unlike length, nerve, or absorption traits.
Question 3 of 5
The nitrogen that must be excreted comes from:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nitrogen for excretion comes from protein deamination e.g., liver converts amino acids to urea. Carbohydrates yield COâ‚‚/Hâ‚‚O not nitrogen. Nitric buffer isn't a system false. Atmosphere provides Oâ‚‚ not waste N. Deamination distinguishes it, critical for nitrogen source, unlike carbs or external origins.
Question 4 of 5
When a patient is treated with an aldosterone antagonist, there is likely to be a fall in:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone antagonist (e.g., spironolactone) reduces Na /water reabsorption lowers blood volume (e.g., less retention). Urine volume rises not falls. K concentration rises retained. Viscosity unchanged volume-based. Volume drop distinguishes it, key to antagonist effect, unlike urine or K missteps.
Question 5 of 5
Vasa recta matches with:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vasa recta is a capillary network around Loop of Henle e.g., countercurrent exchanger maintains gradient. Urethra is exit not capillaries. Hypothalamus makes ADH not vasa recta. Zona glomerulosa is aldosterone not vascular. Capillary role distinguishes it, key to medullary osmolality, unlike tubes or hormones.