ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Across the Lifespan Questions
Question 1 of 5
What of the following is not a Bile acid sequestrant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chlorpheniramine. Bile acid sequestrants are medications that bind to bile acids in the intestines, preventing their reabsorption and promoting their excretion. Colesevelam, Colestipol, and Cholestyramine are all examples of bile acid sequestrants. Chlorpheniramine, on the other hand, is an antihistamine used to treat allergies. It does not have any bile acid sequestrant properties. Therefore, A is the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are all actual bile acid sequestrants.
Question 2 of 5
Which medication is the first-line drug for migraine prevention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Propranolol. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that has shown efficacy in preventing migraines by reducing the frequency and severity of attacks. It is considered the first-line drug for migraine prevention due to its well-established effectiveness and safety profile. Propranolol works by reducing the excitability of the nervous system and preventing the dilation of blood vessels in the brain, which are key factors in migraine pathophysiology. Topiramate (B) is also commonly used for migraine prevention, but it is usually considered as a second-line option after propranolol due to its side effects and tolerability issues. Ergotamine (C) is used for acute migraine treatment, not prevention. Metoclopramide (D) is primarily used for treating nausea and vomiting associated with migraines, not for prevention.
Question 3 of 5
A pregnant patient recently began treatment for hypothyroidism. What response will the provider give when the patient shares that she does not want to take medications while she is pregnant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because untreated hypothyroidism during pregnancy can lead to permanent neuropsychologic deficits in the baby. Thyroid hormones are crucial for fetal brain development. If the mother's thyroid levels are not adequately controlled, it can impact the baby's cognitive and neurological development. Choice B is incorrect as hypothyroidism is not a normal effect of pregnancy and can have serious consequences if left untreated. Choice C is incorrect as treatment for hypothyroidism is essential during pregnancy regardless of symptoms to prevent complications for both the mother and the baby. Choice D is incorrect as the danger to the fetus exists throughout the pregnancy, not just in the third trimester.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is most appropriate to communicate to a patient receiving specific brands for thyroid hormone replacement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: No switching brands. When it comes to thyroid hormone replacement, consistency in the brand is crucial for stable hormone levels. Switching brands can lead to variations in dosage and affect treatment efficacy. A: Disulfiram like reaction with alcohol is not relevant to thyroid hormone replacement. B: Increased risk of endometrial cancer is not associated with thyroid hormone replacement. C: Contraindicated in pregnancy is not universally true and depends on the specific brand and individual patient circumstances.
Question 5 of 5
What mechanism of action or pharmacological action is best associated with pramlintide (Symlin)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Synthetic amylin analog. Pramlintide is a synthetic analog of amylin, a hormone co-secreted with insulin. It works by mimicking the action of natural amylin to regulate glucose levels, slow gastric emptying, and suppress postprandial glucagon secretion. This helps to reduce postprandial blood sugar spikes in patients with diabetes. Choice A is incorrect because pramlintide does not have any impact on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Choice B is incorrect as pramlintide does not block glycine and GABA release. Choice C is incorrect as pramlintide is not an NMDA receptor antagonist. Overall, the correct answer is D because pramlintide's mechanism of action closely resembles that of natural amylin.