What nursing intervention does the nurse include in the plan of care for a person with mastitis?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the case of mastitis, a common complication of postpartum, the correct nursing intervention of providing antipyretics (Option A) is essential for managing the condition. Antipyretics help to reduce fever, which is a common symptom of mastitis. By controlling the fever, the nurse can help the person feel more comfortable and prevent any potential complications associated with high fevers. Options B, C, and D are incorrect interventions for mastitis. Stopping antibiotics when redness is resolved (Option B) is not recommended as antibiotics should be completed as prescribed to ensure complete eradication of the infection. Encouraging the person to stop breastfeeding (Option C) is also not the appropriate intervention, as breastfeeding should continue to help clear the blocked ducts in mastitis. Starting an IV and preparing for signs of sepsis (Option D) is an extreme intervention that is not typically warranted in uncomplicated cases of mastitis. Educationally, understanding the correct nursing interventions for mastitis is crucial for nurses caring for postpartum individuals. By providing accurate and timely interventions like antipyretics, nurses can effectively manage mastitis, promote breastfeeding continuation, and prevent further complications, ultimately enhancing the overall postpartum care provided.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding complications of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is crucial for healthcare professionals. The correct answer, option C, is characteristic of an early (primary) PPH because it often occurs due to uterine atony, which is the inability of the uterus to contract effectively after childbirth. This leads to excessive bleeding within 24 hours post-delivery. Option A is incorrect because an early PPH occurs within the first 24 hours, not after 12 weeks postpartum. Option B is incorrect because early PPH is indeed an emergency requiring prompt intervention to prevent severe consequences like hypovolemic shock. Option D is incorrect as the diagnosis of early PPH is made during the postpartum period before discharge due to clinical signs and symptoms such as excessive bleeding. Educationally, this question reinforces the importance of recognizing the causes and characteristics of early PPH, with a focus on uterine atony as a significant factor. Understanding the timing, risk factors, and management of PPH is essential for healthcare providers involved in maternal care to ensure timely interventions and prevent maternal morbidity and mortality.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), the 4 T's are a mnemonic used to categorize the potential causes of PPH: Tone, Trauma, Tissue, and Thrombin. When considering the "tissue" component, the correct answer is A) Placental tissue or membranes are retained. This is because retained placental tissue after delivery can lead to excessive bleeding and is a common cause of PPH. Option B) Tissue of the perineum is torn is incorrect as perineal tears, while they can contribute to bleeding, are not specifically categorized under the "tissue" component of the 4 T's. Option C) Tissue of the uterus is torn is also incorrect as uterine tears would typically fall under the "trauma" category. Option D) Tissue is not perfused is unrelated to the concept of tissue in the context of PPH. Understanding the 4 T's of PPH is crucial for healthcare providers involved in maternal care as it helps in systematic assessment and management of postpartum bleeding. Recognizing the specific causes under each category can guide appropriate interventions to address the underlying issue effectively and prevent serious complications for the mother.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and the complications of postpartum, the correct answer to the question regarding a risk factor for PPH found in the prenatal record being von Willebrand disorder (option C) is based on the understanding of hemostasis and bleeding disorders. Von Willebrand disorder is a hereditary bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor, which plays a crucial role in primary hemostasis by mediating platelet adhesion. A) Primipara (option A) refers to a woman who is giving birth for the first time and while primiparity can be a risk factor for PPH due to uterine atony, it is not directly linked to von Willebrand disorder. B) Rubella nonimmune (option B) is not a risk factor for PPH. Rubella is a viral infection that can lead to congenital rubella syndrome if contracted during pregnancy but does not directly contribute to postpartum hemorrhage. D) History of appendectomy (option D) is not a known risk factor for PPH related to von Willebrand disorder. While surgical history can sometimes play a role in complications during childbirth, it is not specifically associated with von Willebrand disorder. Educationally, understanding the risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage is crucial for healthcare providers involved in maternal care to identify high-risk patients and provide appropriate interventions to prevent or manage complications effectively. Knowledge of conditions like von Willebrand disorder and their impact on hemostasis is essential for comprehensive prenatal and postpartum care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct intervention for a person with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) who appears pale with capillary refill greater than 3 seconds is option D) Start an IV bolus. This intervention is crucial because it addresses the potential hypovolemia and shock that can occur in PPH, where rapid fluid replacement is necessary to stabilize the patient's condition. Option A) Wrap the person in a warm blanket is incorrect because while maintaining the patient's body temperature is important, it is not the priority in this situation where the person is showing signs of hypovolemia and shock. Option B) Putting a pulse oximeter on the patient's finger may provide information about oxygen saturation but does not address the immediate need for fluid resuscitation in a patient with suspected PPH and signs of shock. Option C) Sitting the person up at 90 degrees is contraindicated in a patient with PPH and signs of shock as it can worsen their condition by reducing venous return to the heart. Educationally, it is important for nurses to recognize the signs and symptoms of PPH and understand the appropriate interventions to manage this potentially life-threatening complication. Prompt recognition and initiation of interventions such as starting an IV bolus can significantly impact patient outcomes in these critical situations.