ATI RN
Immune System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
What monoclonal antibody is used to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in high-risk children?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Palivizumab. Palivizumab is used to prevent RSV in high-risk children by targeting the RSV F protein, reducing the severity of infection. Natalizumab (B) is used for multiple sclerosis, Belimumab (C) is for systemic lupus erythematosus, and Eculizumab (D) is for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, making them incorrect choices for preventing RSV.
Question 2 of 5
While studying the T- and B-cell immune suppressors, the nursing students learn that the most commonly used immune suppressant is what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) because it is the most commonly used immune suppressant for T- and B-cell suppression in various conditions like organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. Cyclosporine works by inhibiting T-cell activation and cytokine production. Azathioprine (B) is primarily used for organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases but is not as commonly used as Cyclosporine. Pimecrolimus (C) is a topical immunosuppressant used for eczema treatment, not for systemic immune suppression like Cyclosporine. Glatiramer (D) is used for treating multiple sclerosis by modulating the immune response but is not the most commonly used immune suppressant overall.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with chronic hepatitis C has been prescribed peginterferon alfa 2b (PEG-INTRON). By what route would the nurse administer this drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct route for administering peginterferon alfa 2b (PEG-INTRON) is subcutaneously (SQ). This route ensures slow and sustained absorption, maintaining stable drug levels. Administering IM could lead to erratic absorption. Intralesional administration is localized and not suitable for systemic effects. Orally, the drug would be destroyed by the digestive system, rendering it ineffective. SQ is the most appropriate route for PEG-INTRON to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
A 72-year-old male patient has arrived at the outpatient unit to receive an infusion of alemtuzumab (Compath). The patient tells the nurse this is the second time his chronic lymphocytic leukemia has relapsed and the second time he will receive this drug because he failed alemtuzumab therapy after being treated with an alkylating agent. What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Calling the physician and questioning the order. This is the priority action because the patient has already failed alemtuzumab therapy after being treated with an alkylating agent, indicating a history of drug resistance or potential adverse reactions. It is crucial to confirm the appropriateness of the current treatment plan to ensure patient safety and prevent any possible harm. Choice B, washing hands, is important for infection control but is not the priority in this scenario. Choice C, beginning an intravenous infusion, should not be done without confirming the order first. Choice D, canceling the infusion, is not appropriate without consulting the physician first. Overall, prioritizing patient safety and effective communication with the healthcare team is key in this situation.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient to receive immunosuppressant drugs on an outpatient basis. What is the priority for the nurse to arrange for this patient in the home environment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (C): Providing supportive care and comfort measures is the priority for the nurse preparing a patient for immunosuppressant drugs at home. This is crucial to monitor the patient's well-being, manage side effects, and ensure the patient's comfort during treatment. Supportive care includes monitoring vital signs, managing symptoms, and addressing any concerns the patient may have, which are essential for the patient's safety and well-being. Summary of incorrect choices: A: A caregiver skilled in CPR is important but not the priority. CPR may be needed in emergencies, but ensuring ongoing supportive care and comfort measures take precedence. B: Adequate nutrition is important for overall health but not the immediate priority when preparing a patient for immunosuppressant drugs. D: Having a home care nurse administer injections may be helpful, but it is not the priority. Providing supportive care and comfort measures can be managed by the patient themselves or the caregiver.