What major complication should an elderly female with osteoporosis be taught about?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bone fracture. Elderly females with osteoporosis have weakened bones, making them more susceptible to fractures. Teaching about this major complication is crucial for preventing falls and fractures. Loss of estrogen (B) and negative calcium balance (C) are contributing factors to osteoporosis but do not directly represent a major complication. Dowager's hump (D) is a visible sign of osteoporosis but is not a major complication in itself. It is important to focus on preventing bone fractures to ensure the patient's safety and quality of life.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The 89-year-old client with end-stage right-sided heart failure blood pressure of 78/50 mm Hg and a “do not resuscitate” order. This client should be assessed first because of the critically low blood pressure and the "do not resuscitate" order, indicating the client's preference for end-of-life care. This situation requires immediate intervention and communication with the healthcare team to ensure the client's wishes are respected. Choice A is stable with heart failure but has normal vital signs. Choice C is receiving I.V. heparin for thrombophlebitis, which is important but not immediately life-threatening. Choice D has new-onset atrial fibrillation but is stable and receiving appropriate treatment. Prioritizing based on acuity and potential for deterioration is crucial in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Young children. Nutrition education should not target young children because they are not responsible for making their own food choices. Educating children directly may not be as effective as targeting parents or caregivers who are responsible for providing nutritious meals. Food handlers, food service people, and mothers are appropriate targets for nutrition education as they play direct roles in food preparation and decision-making. It is important to prioritize education for those who have the most influence on food choices in order to promote healthy eating habits effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: One hour after meals. Performing chest physiotherapy after meals helps prevent potential issues like reflux or vomiting during treatment. Waiting one hour allows for digestion to begin, reducing the risk of regurgitation. Performing chest physiotherapy immediately before meals (A) may cause discomfort or interfere with eating. During meals (C) is not ideal as it can disrupt the eating process. Before bedtime (D) may lead to discomfort while lying down and could affect sleep. Thus, the best timing for chest physiotherapy is one hour after meals to ensure effectiveness and patient comfort.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because instilling intermediate-acting insulin into the vial of short-acting insulin is incorrect practice as it can lead to incorrect dosing and timing. The client should not mix different types of insulin in the same vial. Incorrect Choices: A: Rolling the vial to mix intermediate-acting insulin is a correct technique. B: Instilling air into insulin vials is incorrect but not related to combining insulins. D: Inverting vials before withdrawing insulin is a common practice and not indicative of issues in combining insulins.