What kind of study should the nurse researcher choose if the goal is to identify the long-term benefits and risks of a particular nursing intervention for senior citizens living in the community?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clinical trial. A clinical trial is the best study design to identify long-term benefits and risks of a nursing intervention as it involves controlled experimentation, randomization, and follow-up over an extended period. It allows for comparison between intervention and control groups, ensuring the reliability of results. Cross-sectional studies (A) are snapshots in time and do not provide longitudinal data. Ecologic studies (B) analyze population-level data and may not capture individual-level effects. Retrospective analysis (D) looks back at past data and may not be suitable for studying long-term effects prospectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "What is your relationship to Jackson?" This question should be prioritized because it helps the nurse understand the family dynamics and the adult's role in Jackson's life. By knowing the adult's relationship to Jackson, the nurse can better assess the support system and decision-making authority within the family. Incorrect choices: A: Asking about concerns regarding the son's health is important but not the priority as understanding the relationship dynamics first. C: Inquiring about the other parent as a source of support is relevant but secondary to establishing the primary relationship. D: Asking about the number of other children is less crucial in this context compared to identifying the adult's relationship to Jackson.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it incorporates all three functional domains of the Calgary Family Intervention Model: instrumental, interactive, and affective. In this scenario, the family is engaging in instrumental actions by reading nutrition labels and selecting low-sodium foods (functional domain 1). They are also interacting with each other and the environment while shopping, which aligns with the interactive domain (functional domain 2). Lastly, by choosing low-sodium foods, they are demonstrating affective responses and attitudes towards health and nutrition, fulfilling the affective domain (functional domain 3). Choices A, B, and C do not incorporate all three functional domains as described by the Calgary Family Intervention Model. Choice A only addresses instrumental actions but lacks interactive and affective components. Choice B focuses on interactive learning but does not include instrumental or affective aspects. Choice C involves practice but does not cover all three functional domains.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Emotional abuse. This is because repeatedly telling someone negative or hurtful things can cause psychological harm and emotional distress. Emotional abuse involves behaviors that undermine a person's self-worth and mental well-being. In this scenario, the family member's actions are causing emotional harm rather than physical or sexual harm. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the behavior described in the question. Sexual abuse involves unwanted sexual advances or behavior, physical abuse involves intentional harm or injury, and emotional abuse involves psychological manipulation and harm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because taking the time to listen to both the client and their family allows the nurse to offer resources and support, which can help prevent abuse. By actively listening, the nurse can identify any signs of abuse, provide education on healthy relationships, and connect the client to appropriate services. This approach promotes client autonomy and ensures their needs are addressed. Choice B is incorrect because it assumes that older adults are always confused, which is a stereotype and can lead to overlooking potential abuse. Choice D is also incorrect as involving family members can be crucial in assessing the client's situation comprehensively and providing necessary support. Choice C is incomplete and does not provide a viable strategy for preventing abuse in older adult clients.