What is the total volume of air a person can expire after a normal inspiration called?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The binding of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to hemoglobin is primarily influenced by the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO₂) in the blood. When pCO₂ is high, such as in the tissues, more binding of CO₂ to hemoglobin occurs. Conversely, when pCO₂ is low, as in the alveoli, dissociation of CO₂ from carbamino-hemoglobin takes place.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by the damage to alveolar walls, leading to a decrease in the respiratory surface area. One of the major causes of emphysema is cigarette smoking. The toxic chemicals present年纪 in cigarette smoke can cause inflammation and destruction of the alveolar walls over time, resulting in reduced lung function and difficulty in breathing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.