ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
What is the therapeutic use of Phenytoin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin is primarily used to diminish seizure activity and is effective in terminating ventricular arrhythmias. It works by stabilizing neuronal membranes, reducing repetitive neuronal firing, and limiting the spread of seizure activity in the brain. While phenytoin does not have a direct role in preventing thrombus formation or extending existing thrombi, it is crucial in managing seizures and certain arrhythmias.
Question 2 of 9
What is one of the therapeutic uses of Valproate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Valproate, also known as Valproic acid, is commonly used in medicine for the suppression of seizure activity. It is an anticonvulsant medication that helps manage and prevent seizures in various conditions such as epilepsy. While it is not used for replacing hypothyroidism, maintaining blood glucose levels, or lowering blood pressure, its primary therapeutic use is in managing seizures.
Question 3 of 9
A patient is mowing his lawn on a hot Saturday afternoon. He begins to notice chest pain. What should his first action be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient's first action should be to stop mowing and sit or lie down. Chest pain can be a symptom of a heart attack, and it is important for the patient to immediately rest and avoid physical strain. Continuing to mow the lawn could worsen the condition or lead to further complications. Sitting or lying down will help reduce the heart's workload and minimize the exertion on the body. If the chest pain continues or worsens, seeking medical help should be the next course of action.
Question 4 of 9
When administering IV Amphotericin B to a client with a systemic fungal infection, the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is fever. Amphotericin B is known to cause adverse effects such as fever, chills, and nausea during infusion. Monitoring for fever is essential as it can indicate an adverse reaction. To manage these effects, pretreatment with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen can be administered.
Question 5 of 9
Which statement is accurate concerning the use of aspirin (ASA) to treat pain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin's use for pain involves anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, but it risks GI irritation. Enteric-coated capsules minimize this by dissolving in the intestine, not the stomach, reducing bleeding risk—an accurate statement. High doses are true for anticoagulation, not pain relief, where lower doses suffice. Herbs like garlic and ginger increase bleeding risk, not inflammation relief, making it dangerous advice. Low doses (choice D, 325 mg) primarily prevent clotting, not significantly reduce inflammation, which requires higher doses. Choice B correctly reflects a practical measure to enhance aspirin's safety profile for pain management.
Question 6 of 9
A client has a new prescription for Simvastatin. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Grapefruit can increase the levels of simvastatin in the blood, leading to an increased risk of serious side effects, including muscle pain or damage. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to avoid consuming grapefruit while taking this medication to prevent potential complications.
Question 7 of 9
A client who takes Chlorpromazine for the treatment of Schizophrenia is due for a follow-up assessment. The nurse should expect the greatest improvement in which of the following manifestations? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client takes a conventional antipsychotic medication like chlorpromazine, the greatest improvement is typically seen in positive symptoms such as disorganized speech. These medications are more effective in managing positive symptoms like disorganized speech rather than negative symptoms like impaired social interactions or hallucinations. Therefore, the nurse should anticipate improvement in disorganized speech as a positive response to chlorpromazine treatment.
Question 8 of 9
A client is receiving discharge teaching for a new prescription of Fluoxetine for PTSD. Which of the following statements should be included in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: One of the potential adverse effects of fluoxetine and other SSRIs is a decreased libido, which can impact intimacy. It is essential for the nurse to educate the client about this possible side effect to promote awareness and understanding of the medication's effects.
Question 9 of 9
When starting a new prescription for prednisone, which instruction should the nurse include for the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting a new prescription for prednisone is not to stop taking the medication abruptly. Abrupt discontinuation of prednisone can lead to adrenal insufficiency, emphasizing the importance of gradual tapering under healthcare provider guidance. Increasing potassium-rich foods may be necessary based on individual needs, but it is not the priority instruction in this context. Grapefruit juice interaction is more commonly associated with certain medications but not specifically with prednisone. Taking prednisone at bedtime to prevent drowsiness is not a key instruction related to its administration.