ATI RN
ATI Intro to Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the therapeutic use of metformin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metformin is commonly used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. It works by helping to control blood sugar levels by decreasing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity in the muscles. Therefore, the therapeutic use of metformin is in the maintenance of a person's blood glucose levels. While metformin can sometimes be associated with minor effects like gastrointestinal disturbances, it is not used to increase heart rate or decrease gastrointestinal secretions.
Question 2 of 5
Action of anticholinergic drugs:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine sulfate is an anticholinergic drug that antagonizes the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. By blocking the parasympathetic nervous system, atropine produces various effects including decreased salivation, increased heart rate, bronchodilation, and mydriasis (pupillary dilation). These properties make atropine useful in treating conditions such as bradycardia, poisoning with certain toxins, and for dilation of the pupil during eye exams.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is in an urgent care center and is receiving treatment for mild hyponatremia after spending several hours doing gardening work in the heat of the day. The nurse expects that which drug therapy will be used to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the scenario described, the patient is experiencing hyponatremia, a condition where there is an imbalance of electrolytes in the body due to excess water intake or loss of sodium-rich fluids like sweat. In this case, the patient has developed mild hyponatremia likely due to the combination of gardening work and exposure to heat.
Question 4 of 5
A history of which of the following is a contraindication to short-term HRT to prevent menopausal vasomotor symptoms and menopausal vaginitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Short-term HRT (estrogen ± progestin) relieves menopausal symptoms. Depression isn't a contraindication; HRT may improve mood. Breast cancer is a absolute contraindication due to estrogen's proliferative risk, outweighing benefits. Hysterectomy allows estrogen-only HRT, bronchitis and eczema are unrelated. Breast cancer's link to estrogen drives this restriction, critical for safe hormone use.
Question 5 of 5
What is the therapeutic action of Phenytoin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication commonly used in the treatment of seizures, including tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures, complex partial seizures, and seizures occurring during neurosurgery. It works by stabilizing the excitable cell membranes in the brain, thereby reducing abnormal electrical activity that can lead to seizures. Phenytoin is not used as an antidiabetic, mood stabilizer, or antianxiety agent.