ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the therapeutic levels for digoxin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The therapeutic levels for digoxin are typically considered to be between 0.5 % 2 ng/mL. This range is associated with optimal therapeutic effects of digoxin in managing heart conditions such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Levels below 0.5 ng/mL may be subtherapeutic while levels above 2 ng/mL can lead to toxicity symptoms like nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and cardiac arrhythmias. Monitoring digoxin levels within the therapeutic range ensures the medication is effective and safe for the patient.
Question 2 of 5
_____________ is the period of time required for concentration of a drug to be reduced by 50%.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Half-life is the period of time required for the concentration of a drug in the body to be reduced by 50%. It is an important pharmacokinetic parameter that helps determine dosing intervals and drug accumulation or clearance. Understanding a drug's half-life is crucial in optimizing dosing regimens and achieving desired therapeutic outcomes. Efficacy refers to the maximum therapeutic effect that a drug can produce. Steady-state concentration is the consistent level of drug concentration achieved after repeated doses. Clearance is the rate at which a drug is removed from the body.
Question 3 of 5
Hemostatic agent that reduces bleeding by local vasoconstriction:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Styptics are hemostatic agents that work by causing local vasoconstriction, which helps reduce bleeding. This vasoconstriction is achieved through their astringent properties, which constrict blood vessels and promote blood clotting at the site of application. Sympathomimetics, while also working to constrict blood vessels, do so systemically and are not specifically used for local hemostasis. Mechanical agents, such as pressure or sutures, physically help to stop bleeding but do not induce vasoconstriction. Thrombin is an enzyme involved in the clotting cascade but does not directly cause vasoconstriction.
Question 4 of 5
Glyceryl trinitrate for angina is most effective when given:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glyceryl trinitrate, also known as nitroglycerin, is a medication commonly used for the management of angina (chest pain). When administered sublingually (under the tongue), glyceryl trinitrate is rapidly absorbed through the highly vascular sublingual mucosa, leading to a quick onset of action. The sublingual route allows for the drug to enter the bloodstream directly without being metabolized by the liver first, resulting in faster relief of angina symptoms. This makes sublingual administration the most effective route for managing acute episodes of angina. Other routes of administration, such as oral, subcutaneous, intravenous, or intramuscular, would not provide the same rapid and reliable relief for angina.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is beginning isoniazid and rifampin treatment for tuberculosis. The nurse gives the patient which instruction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adherence to the prescribed regimen is critical in tuberculosis treatment to prevent resistance and ensure efficacy. Skipping doses can lead to treatment failure and drug-resistant TB. Isoniazid and rifampin are typically taken once daily, not three times daily. Antacids can interfere with the absorption of these drugs and should be avoided. There is no specific requirement to take rifampin initially; both drugs should be taken as prescribed.