ATI RN
Pharmacology Practice Exam ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the therapeutic effect of Ondansetron?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ondansetron is a medication commonly used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting, particularly in patients undergoing chemotherapy or surgery. It belongs to a class of drugs known as antiemetics, which work by blocking serotonin, a neurotransmitter that can trigger nausea and vomiting. By inhibiting the effects of serotonin, ondansetron helps to reduce the incidence and severity of these symptoms, providing a therapeutic effect for individuals experiencing nausea and vomiting.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is NOT an action of H1 receptor antagonist:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: H1 receptor antagonists, also known as antihistamines, primarily work by blocking the effects of histamine in the body. Histamine is involved in allergic reactions, itching, and motion sickness. Therefore, H1 receptor antagonists are commonly used for the treatment of allergic reactions, relief of itching, and prophylaxis of motion sickness. They are also sometimes used for the common cold to alleviate symptoms such as runny nose and sneezing. However, H1 receptor antagonists are not typically used as the main treatment for asthma, as they are not as effective in addressing the underlying inflammation and bronchoconstriction that occur in asthma. Asthma is usually managed with medications such as bronchodilators and corticosteroids that target the specific inflammatory pathways involved in asthma.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse assumes care of a patient in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). The patient had abdominal surgery and is receiving intravenous morphine sulfate for pain. The patient is asleep and has not voided since prior to surgery. The nurse assesses a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute and notes hypoactive bowel sounds. The nurse will contact the surgeon primarily to report which condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary concern in this scenario is respiratory depression. The patient receiving intravenous morphine sulfate with a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute indicates hypoventilation, which can progress to respiratory failure. This poses a critical risk to the patient's safety and requires immediate intervention to prevent further complications, such as respiratory arrest. Contacting the surgeon to report this condition is essential for prompt assessment and appropriate management. While paralytic ileus, somnolence, and urinary retention are also potential concerns, respiratory depression takes precedence due to its life-threatening nature.
Question 4 of 5
What would be the teaching priority for a diabetic patient being treated with a nonselective beta-blocker?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because the beta-blockers stop the signs and symptoms of a sympathetic stress reaction, the signs and symptoms associated with hypo- or hyperglycemia, the diabetic patient taking a beta-blocker will need to understand this and learn new indicators of these reactions. Taking his pulse, weekly weighing, and avoiding smoke-filled rooms are good health practices and should be done, but not specifically needed by a diabetic patient taking a beta-blocker. The nurse should emphasize the importance of recognizing new signs of blood glucose fluctuations.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse routinely includes health teaching about vitamins to patients. Vitamin D has a major role in which process?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism, promoting bone health by enhancing intestinal absorption of these minerals. Night blindness (A) is associated with vitamin A deficiency. Growth and development (C) are influenced by multiple vitamins, not just vitamin D. DNA and prothrombin synthesis (D) are unrelated to vitamin D.