ATI RN
ATI Intro to Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the therapeutic action of Phenytoin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication commonly used in the treatment of seizures, including tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures, complex partial seizures, and seizures occurring during neurosurgery. It works by stabilizing the excitable cell membranes in the brain, thereby reducing abnormal electrical activity that can lead to seizures. Phenytoin is not used as an antidiabetic, mood stabilizer, or antianxiety agent.
Question 2 of 5
Action of anticholinergic drugs:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine sulfate is an anticholinergic drug that antagonizes the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. By blocking the parasympathetic nervous system, atropine produces various effects including decreased salivation, increased heart rate, bronchodilation, and mydriasis (pupillary dilation). These properties make atropine useful in treating conditions such as bradycardia, poisoning with certain toxins, and for dilation of the pupil during eye exams.
Question 3 of 5
This describes the relationship of the blood concentration attained with initial dosing and the dose of drug given:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The volume of distribution (Vd) is a pharmacokinetic parameter that describes the relationship of the blood concentration attained with initial dosing and the dose of drug given. It is a theoretical volume that indicates the extent of drug distribution in the body relative to its concentration in the bloodstream. A high volume of distribution suggests that the drug is extensively distributed throughout the tissues of the body, while a low volume of distribution indicates that the drug is largely confined to the bloodstream. Therefore, Vd is the correct answer in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse enters a patient’s room to find that his heart rate is 120, his blood pressure is 70/50, and he has red blotching of his face and neck. Vancomycin is running intravenous piggyback. The nurse believes that this patient is experiencing a severe adverse effect called red man syndrome. What action will the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red man syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction to vancomycin, characterized by flushing, rash, hypotension, and tachycardia. The nurse should immediately stop the infusion to prevent further reaction and call the health care provider for further instructions. Reducing the infusion rate may help in mild cases, but in this severe case, stopping the infusion is the priority. Encouraging fluids is not appropriate for managing this acute reaction. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a different, more severe condition and is not indicated by these symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a well-known stage actor who has suddenly developed severe stage fright that is preventing him from working. What drug does the nurse suspect will be prescribed for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: One of the indications for use of propranolol is prevention of stage fright, which is a sympathetic stress reaction to a particular situation. None of the other options are indicated for this use. The nurse should understand the indications for propranolol to ensure safe and effective administration.