What is the term used to describe the condition in which all of the body systems are balanced?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Homeostasis. Homeostasis refers to the state of equilibrium within the body where all systems are balanced. This is crucial for optimal functioning and overall health. Halitosis (A) is bad breath, unrelated to overall body balance. Hemoptysis (B) is coughing up blood, a symptom of a serious medical condition. Hepatitis (C) is inflammation of the liver, also not related to overall body balance. Homeostasis is the only term that directly relates to the balanced functioning of all body systems.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because keeping the skin dry helps prevent pressure injuries by reducing moisture-related skin breakdown. Moisturizing open skin (B) can worsen the condition. Restricting fluids (A) is not recommended as hydration is essential. Changing position every four hours (C) is important but not the primary focus for pressure injury care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chest pain when inhaling. This is because chest pain when inhaling, known as pleuritic chest pain, is a common symptom of pneumonia due to inflammation of the lining around the lungs. This pain worsens with deep breaths or coughing. Low-grade fever (A) is a common symptom of pneumonia, but it is not a specific sign as it can be present in many other conditions. Decreased pulse (C) is not a typical sign of pneumonia, as the body usually increases the heart rate in response to infection. Cyanosis (D), which is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen, can occur in severe cases of pneumonia but is not an early sign.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Meniere's disease. Meniere's disease is a disorder characterized by a buildup of fluid in the inner ear, leading to symptoms like vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Otitis media (A) is an infection of the middle ear, not caused by fluid buildup. Glaucoma (C) is a condition affecting the eyes due to increased pressure in the eye, not related to the inner ear. Myopia (D) is a refractive error of the eye, unrelated to fluid buildup in the inner ear. Thus, Meniere's disease is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because an opportunistic infection is an illness caused by microorganisms that typically do not cause disease in individuals with healthy immune systems but can lead to infections in people with weakened immune systems. This occurs because the weakened immune system is unable to effectively defend against these microorganisms. Choice A is incorrect because it describes abnormal cell growth, which is not the definition of an opportunistic infection. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to the temporary disappearance of cancer symptoms, not related to opportunistic infections. Choice C is also incorrect as it describes a specific disorder related to bladder inflammation, not opportunistic infections.