What is the term used to describe the condition in which all of the body systems are balanced?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Homeostasis. Homeostasis refers to the condition in which all body systems are balanced and functioning optimally to maintain internal stability. It involves mechanisms that regulate factors such as temperature, pH, and blood glucose levels within a narrow range. Halitosis (A) is bad breath, Hemoptysis (B) is coughing up blood, and Hepatitis (C) is inflammation of the liver. Hence, these options are unrelated to the balance of body systems.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, keeping skin dry. This is important in pressure injury care to prevent moisture-related skin breakdown. Moisture can lead to skin maceration and increase the risk of pressure injuries. Restricting fluids (A) is not appropriate as hydration is essential for overall skin health. Using moisturizers on open skin (B) can trap moisture and worsen the condition. Changing position every four hours (C) is important for preventing pressure injuries but does not directly address the care of existing pressure injuries.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chest pain when inhaling. Chest pain when inhaling, also known as pleuritic chest pain, is a common sign of pneumonia due to inflammation of the pleura. This pain is sharp and worsens with deep breaths or coughing. Low-grade fever (A) is a common symptom but not specific to pneumonia. Decreased pulse (C) is not typically associated with pneumonia. Cyanosis (D) is a late sign of severe pneumonia and indicates poor oxygenation, but it is not an early sign. Therefore, the presence of chest pain when inhaling is a key indicator of pneumonia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Meniere's disease. Meniere's disease is characterized by a buildup of fluid in the inner ear, leading to symptoms like vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. Otitis media (A) is an infection of the middle ear, not a buildup of fluid. Glaucoma (C) is a condition affecting the eyes due to increased pressure, not related to the inner ear. Myopia (D) is nearsightedness, a condition of the eye, not related to fluid buildup in the inner ear. Therefore, Meniere's disease is the correct choice due to its specific association with fluid accumulation in the inner ear.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because an opportunistic infection is an illness caused by microorganisms that typically do not cause disease in individuals with healthy immune systems, but can cause illness in people with weakened immune systems. This occurs because the weakened immune system is unable to effectively fight off these microorganisms. Choice A is incorrect because it describes abnormal cell growth, which is characteristic of cancer, not opportunistic infections. Choice B is incorrect as it describes a temporary disappearance of cancer symptoms, not related to opportunistic infections. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to a disorder causing bladder inflammation, which is not related to opportunistic infections.