What is the term for a nonstress test in which there are two or more fetal heart rate accelerations of 15 or more beats per minute (BPM) with fetal movement in a 20-minute period?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reactive. In a nonstress test, a reactive result is considered normal and indicates a healthy fetus. This is because it shows two or more fetal heart rate accelerations of 15 or more BPM with fetal movement in a 20-minute period, which signifies a responsive and healthy fetal heart rate pattern. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Positive typically indicates a concerning result in medical contexts. B: Negative signifies an abnormal result in this context. D: Nonreactive suggests a lack of desired fetal heart rate accelerations with movement, which is not ideal.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a positive contraction stress test (CST) indicates potential fetal distress, requiring immediate medical attention. Contacting the health care provider is necessary to discuss birth options for the patient, such as potential induction or cesarean section to prevent harm to the fetus. A is incorrect because waiting another week could pose risks to the fetus if distress is already present. C is incorrect as sending the patient out for a meal and repeating the test is not a valid or necessary intervention. D is incorrect as a fetal kick count assessment does not address the immediate concerns raised by a positive CST result.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: RhoGAM if the patient is Rh-negative. During CVS, there is a risk of maternal-fetal blood mixing, especially if the patient is Rh-negative. RhoGAM is given to prevent sensitization to the Rh factor, which could lead to hemolytic disease in the newborn. Magnesium sulfate (A) is not indicated for CVS. Prostaglandin suppository (B) is used for cervical ripening or induction of labor, not for CVS. Betamethasone (D) is a corticosteroid given to pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery to promote fetal lung maturation, not indicated for CVS.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fetal bradycardia. During PUBS, a needle is inserted into the umbilical cord to obtain fetal blood for testing. This procedure carries a risk of causing fetal bradycardia, which is a decrease in the fetal heart rate. This can be a serious complication as it may indicate fetal distress. It is important to monitor the fetal heart rate during and after the procedure to detect and address any signs of bradycardia promptly. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Postdates pregnancy - PUBS is not known to cause postdates pregnancy. C: Placenta previa - PUBS is not associated with the development of placenta previa. D: Uterine rupture - PUBS does not typically lead to uterine rupture. In summary, fetal bradycardia is the potential complication of PUBS due to the invasive nature of the procedure and the risk of affecting fetal well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening is a test that measures the level of AFP in the mother's blood to screen for certain fetal abnormalities. AFP is a protein produced by the fetus and can be detected in the mother's blood. Blood is the most appropriate sample for this screening as it directly reflects the fetal AFP levels. Urine (A), saliva (C), and amniotic fluid (D) do not contain AFP in levels that can be accurately measured for this screening, making them incorrect choices. Blood is the standard and most reliable sample for AFP screening due to its direct correlation with fetal AFP levels.