What is the significance of a hysteroscopy in infertility evaluation?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To visualize and treat abnormalities within the uterine cavity. A hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows direct visualization of the inside of the uterus using a thin, lighted tube. In infertility evaluation, it helps identify and treat issues such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions, or other abnormalities that may be interfering with implantation or causing recurrent miscarriages. It is crucial for improving fertility outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because a hysteroscopy does not measure hormone levels in the uterus. Choice C is incorrect because monitoring egg development is typically done through ultrasound imaging, not hysteroscopy. Choice D is incorrect because assessing ovarian reserve is usually done through blood tests and ultrasound evaluation of the ovaries, not hysteroscopy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Using ovulation predictor kits to detect the LH surge. This method is recommended because it directly detects the hormone surge that triggers ovulation, providing a reliable indication of the most fertile period for conception. Tracking cervical mucus changes only after ovulation (B) may not accurately predict the fertile window. Measuring basal body temperature in the evening (C) is less accurate than measuring it in the morning. Testing progesterone levels daily (D) is not a practical or necessary method for ovulation tracking.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Age is the primary factor influencing egg quality. As a tutor, I will explain this by stating that the quality of a woman's eggs declines with age due to factors like genetic abnormalities and decreased mitochondrial function. This decline can affect fertility and increase the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in offspring. For the incorrect choices: B: Diet can impact egg quality by providing essential nutrients, so this choice is incorrect. C: Hormonal treatments may help with fertility but do not guarantee improvement in egg quality, making this choice incorrect. D: Exercise can contribute to overall health but is not the only way to enhance egg quality, making this choice incorrect. In summary, age is a crucial factor affecting egg quality, while diet, hormonal treatments, and exercise play roles but are not primary influencers.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because antral follicle count (AFC) is a direct indicator of ovarian reserve, reflecting the number of small developing follicles in the ovaries. A higher AFC indicates a larger pool of potential eggs, suggesting better fertility potential. Other choices are incorrect as AFC specifically relates to ovarian health and not uterine health (A), hormonal imbalances (C), or male fertility (D).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because antioxidants help reduce oxidative stress, which can improve egg quality. Antioxidants protect eggs from damage caused by free radicals. Consuming a diet rich in antioxidants can support better egg quality. Choice B is incorrect because relying solely on supplements does not guarantee improved egg quality. Choice C is incorrect because excessive exercise can actually have a negative impact on egg maturation. Choice D is incorrect because egg quality can be influenced by external factors such as diet, lifestyle, and environmental factors.