what is the route of INSULIN GLARGINE: ATI PHARMACOLOGY LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 PROCTORED EXAM -STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS & ANS 100% CORRECTLY VERIFIED GRADED A+ ATI PHARMACOLOGY LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 PROCTORED EXAM -STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS & ANS 100% CORRECTLY VERIFIED GRADED A+

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Insulin glargine is typically administered subcutaneously. Subcutaneous injection allows for slow and continuous absorption of the medication, providing a sustained release of insulin to help regulate blood sugar levels. This route of administration is commonly used for long-acting insulins like insulin glargine to provide basal insulin coverage throughout the day. Sublingual, oral, IV, and other routes are not appropriate for administering insulin glargine.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: ADHD in girls often presents as anxiety/withdrawal, versus boys' hyperactivity-per research-though diagnosis favors boys. It's not bipolar-mania/depression differ. Boys dominate diagnosis stats. It's early, not late, onset. Gender presentation accuracy reflects ADHD nuance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: To calculate the amount of aspirin in milligrams in a 5-gram tablet, we first need to convert 5 grams to milligrams. Since 1 gram is equal to 1000 milligrams, then 5 grams is equal to 5000 milligrams.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dehydration, common in elders from reduced thirst, lowers drug clearance (e.g., renal function drops), risking toxicity-key in pharmacokinetics. Alcohol abuse varies, not primary. Constipation affects excretion less than fluid status. Stomach acid decreases, not increases, with age. Dehydration's impact on volume and clearance drives toxicity risk.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Acetaminophen is not an opioid or NSAID. While it is commonly used to relieve pain and reduce fever, acetaminophen works differently from opioids and NSAIDs. Acetaminophen is believed to reduce pain by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins in the brain, whereas opioids work by binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, and NSAIDs work by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins in the peripheral tissues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Diphenhydramine's frequent use risks dizziness , an anticholinergic effect. Appetite enhancement isn't typical. Hypotension and bradycardia are less common. Urinary retention (E) occurs but isn't listed. Dizziness reflects CNS depression from high dosing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Drowsiness is a common side effect of oxycodone, an opioid analgesic. Patients should be advised to avoid activities requiring alertness, such as driving, while taking this medication. Paresthesia (A), increased intracranial pressure (B), and occipital headache (C) are not typical side effects of oxycodone.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Antifibrinolytic drugs work by inhibiting the activity of plasmin, an enzyme responsible for the breakdown of fibrin clots. By blocking the activation of plasminogen to form plasmin, these drugs help stabilize the formed fibrin clot, thus promoting hemostasis and preventing excessive bleeding. This mechanism is particularly useful in conditions where increased fibrinolysis is a concern, such as in surgical procedures or certain bleeding disorders. Examples of antifibrinolytic drugs include tranexamic acid and aminocaproic acid.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Metformin is a medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes by helping to control high blood sugar levels. It works by decreasing the amount of sugar produced by the liver and increasing the body's response to insulin. By aiding in controlling blood glucose levels, metformin helps prevent complications of diabetes such as kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, and loss of limbs. It does not lower blood pressure, diminish seizure activity, increase heart rate, or decrease gastrointestinal secretions.