ATI RN
Fetal Development NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the purpose of the ovum’s zona pellucida?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The zona pellucida is a protective layer surrounding the ovum (egg cell). One of its primary functions is to prevent multiple sperm from fertilizing the egg by only allowing one sperm to penetrate and fertilize the ovum. This is crucial for ensuring that the resulting embryo has the correct genetic material (46 chromosomes) and does not have an abnormal number of chromosomes, which could lead to developmental issues. The zona pellucida acts as a physical barrier that helps to maintain the genetic integrity of the offspring.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is explaining the function of the placenta to a pregnant patient. Which statement indicates to the nurse that further clarification is necessary?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While the statement "The nourishment that I take in passes through the placenta" is generally correct in the context of the placenta providing nutrients to the fetus, it does not fully convey the process accurately. The primary function of the placenta is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the mother and the fetus through the mother's blood supply. It is not a direct passage of nourishment that the mother takes in; rather, it involves a complex process of diffusion and transport to ensure the fetus receives the necessary nutrients and oxygen. Therefore, further clarification is needed to ensure the patient has a complete understanding of this essential function of the placenta.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning a prenatal class on fetal development. Which characteristics of prenatal development should the nurse include for a fetus of 24 weeks, based on fertilization age? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In prenatal classes, it is crucial to provide accurate information to expectant parents. For a fetus at 24 weeks, the correct characteristic to include is "Ear cartilage firm." This is because by 24 weeks, the fetal ear has developed to the point where the cartilage is firmer and more structured, making it a significant milestone in fetal development. Regarding the incorrect options: - Option B, "Skin wrinkled and red," is typically seen in earlier gestational ages, around 20 weeks. By 24 weeks, the skin becomes less translucent and starts to develop pigment, appearing less red and wrinkled. - Option C, "Testes descending toward the inguinal rings," is a characteristic more commonly observed around 28-32 weeks of gestation as part of the development of the male reproductive system. - Option D, "Surfactant production nears mature levels," is a crucial milestone in fetal lung development, but typically occurs later in gestation, around 32-36 weeks. Educationally, understanding the timeline of fetal development is essential for healthcare providers working with pregnant individuals. By knowing the specific milestones at different gestational ages, nurses can provide accurate and timely information to expectant parents, helping them track the progress of their pregnancy and understand what to expect during each stage of prenatal development. This knowledge also enables healthcare professionals to identify any deviations from the norm and intervene appropriately to ensure the best possible outcomes for both the mother and the baby.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is discussing genetically linked diseases with a couple planning a pregnancy. The female states, 'I am concerned because there is a history of sickle-cell disease in my family.' Which information from the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C) The male partner needs genetic testing. Explanation: Sickle-cell disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, meaning both parents must carry the gene for their child to inherit the disease. In this scenario, if the female carries the sickle-cell gene, the male partner's genetic status is crucial. By undergoing genetic testing, the male partner can determine if he also carries the gene. If he does not, the risk of passing on sickle-cell disease to their offspring decreases significantly. Why the other options are incorrect: A) Any offspring will have the disease: This is incorrect as both parents must be carriers for the offspring to inherit sickle-cell disease. B) Only male children will have the disease: Sickle-cell disease is not sex-linked; both males and females can inherit it. D) The couple should not become pregnant: This is an extreme and unnecessary recommendation. With proper genetic counseling and testing, the couple can make informed decisions about their pregnancy options. Educational context: Understanding the inheritance patterns of genetic diseases like sickle-cell disease is crucial for healthcare professionals providing counseling to individuals or couples planning a pregnancy. Genetic testing and counseling can help assess the risk of passing on genetic disorders and guide decision-making regarding family planning.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a class about embryonic and fetal development to couples in the early stage of pregnancy. For which reason does the nurse emphasize the first 8 weeks of gestation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding embryonic and fetal development is crucial to ensure safe medication use during pregnancy. The correct answer, option C, is emphasized by the nurse because during the first 8 weeks of gestation, all organ systems are rapidly developing in the embryo. This period is known as the embryonic period, during which the foundation for all major body structures is laid down. Educating couples about this critical window helps them understand the significance of this early stage in ensuring the proper formation of their baby's organs. Option A is incorrect because although early pregnancy loss can occur, it is not the primary reason for emphasizing the first 8 weeks of gestation. Option B is incorrect because the lack of size and movement does not impact the significance of organ development during this period. Option D is incorrect because factors that can interrupt pregnancy remain a concern throughout gestation, not just limited to the first 8 weeks. By highlighting the importance of organ development during the first 8 weeks, the nurse is empowering couples with knowledge that can influence their behaviors and decisions during pregnancy, including the avoidance of potentially harmful medications that could affect the developing fetus. This educational focus equips parents with the understanding needed to promote a healthy start for their baby.