ATI RN
Nursing Process Final Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
What is the purpose of pursed lip breathing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because pursed lip breathing helps to slow down and control the exhalation process, allowing the individual to exhale a smaller volume of air with more force. This helps to prevent air trapping in the lungs, improve oxygen exchange, and reduce shortness of breath. B: Incorrect - Pursed lip breathing does not increase expiration but rather controls it. C: Incorrect - While pursed lip breathing can promote deep breathing and better oxygen exchange, its primary purpose is to regulate exhalation volume. D: Incorrect - Pursed lip breathing does not specifically target the upper thorax but rather facilitates a more efficient breathing pattern by reducing air trapping in the lungs.
Question 2 of 9
The nurse knows which of the following statements about TPN and peripheral parenteral nutrition is true?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because TPN (Total Parenteral Nutrition) is indeed given to patients with fluid restrictions, as it provides complete nutrition including fluids, electrolytes, and nutrients. On the other hand, PPN (Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition) is used for patients without fluid restrictions as it provides partial nutrition. A is incorrect because TPN is typically for long-term use and PPN for short-term use. B is incorrect as the caloric requirement does not determine the type of parenteral nutrition. D is incorrect because both TPN and PPN can be used for patients who are unable to eat orally.
Question 3 of 9
The following are known to be causes of hepatitis except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: bacteria. Hepatitis is primarily caused by viruses (such as Hepatitis A, B, C), toxins (like alcohol or certain medications), and chemicals/drugs. Bacteria do not typically cause hepatitis as it is a viral infection that affects the liver. Therefore, choice C is the exception among the listed causes. Viruses directly target liver cells, toxins can damage the liver, and certain chemicals/drugs can lead to liver inflammation. Hence, bacteria do not play a significant role in causing hepatitis.
Question 4 of 9
Which of the following would the nurse identify as an abnormal finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse would identify platelets at 115,000/ul as an abnormal finding because it is below the normal range of 150,000-450,000/ul. Low platelet count can lead to increased bleeding risk. RBC count and hematocrit levels are within normal ranges, making them normal findings. Option D is incorrect as platelets are abnormal.
Question 5 of 9
In addition to antibiotics, which of the ff. recommendations can the nurse make to increase comfort in a patient experiencing sinusitis? Choose all answers that are correct. i. Coughing and deep breathing iv. Room humidifier ii. Sinus irrigation v. Percussion and postural drainage iii. Hot moist packs vi. Semi-fowler’s position
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 2, 4, 5, and 6. 1. Room humidifier (choice 2) helps to keep the air moist, which can ease sinus pressure and discomfort. 2. Hot moist packs (choice 4) can provide relief by reducing congestion and promoting sinus drainage. 3. Percussion and postural drainage (choice 5) can help loosen mucus and improve drainage. 4. Semi-fowler's position (choice 6) can also aid in drainage and reduce sinus pressure. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not include all the recommended interventions that can help increase comfort in a patient with sinusitis. Each of the incorrect choices is missing at least one crucial recommendation that is beneficial for managing sinusitis symptoms.
Question 6 of 9
A resident of a long-term care facility refuses to eat until she has had her hair combed and her make-up applied. In this case, what client need should have priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The need to feel good about oneself. This is the priority because the resident's refusal to eat is tied to her desire to maintain her personal appearance and feel good about herself. By addressing this need first, the resident may become more willing to eat. The other choices are incorrect because while nutrition (A) is important, addressing the resident's self-esteem and well-being should come first. The need to live in a safe environment (C) is also important but not the priority in this specific scenario. The need for love from others (D) is significant but not directly related to the resident's refusal to eat based on her personal grooming preferences.
Question 7 of 9
A young male client visits a nurse with a complaint of chronic tension headaches. Which of the ff is the most appropriate nursing instruction to manage the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Counselling on alternate therapies. Chronic tension headaches may be exacerbated by stress or other psychological factors, making counseling an appropriate intervention. The nurse can explore relaxation techniques, stress management strategies, or cognitive-behavioral therapy to help the client manage their headaches. A: Instructing the client to monitor for signs of bruising or bleeding is unrelated to tension headaches and not a priority in this situation. B: Suggesting eating and swallowing techniques that reduce the potential for aspiration is not relevant to tension headaches and is not the most appropriate intervention. D: Advising the client to change sleeping positions frequently may help with other types of headaches but is not the most effective strategy for managing chronic tension headaches.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following would indicate that the patient has a normal corneal light reflex?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a normal corneal light reflex involves light being reflected at the same spot in both eyes. This indicates that both eyes are aligned properly and focusing light in the same direction. Choice A is incorrect because it refers to accommodation, not the corneal light reflex. Choice B is incorrect as convergence is related to eye movement, not the corneal light reflex. Choice C is incorrect as pupil constriction in response to light is known as the pupillary light reflex, not the corneal light reflex.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse teaches a client with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism about the need for thyroid hormone replacement therapy to restore normal thyroid function. Which thyroid preparation is the agent of choice for thyroid hormone replacement therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Levothyroxine (Synthroid) is the synthetic form of the thyroid hormone T4, the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Step 2: Levothyroxine is the preferred agent for thyroid hormone replacement therapy in hypothyroidism due to its stable and consistent potency. Step 3: Levothyroxine is well-absorbed by the body and has a long half-life, allowing for once-daily dosing. Step 4: Other choices are incorrect because Methimazole is used to treat hyperthyroidism, Livothyronine is a form of T3 hormone not commonly used for replacement therapy, and Thyroid USP dessicated is derived from animal thyroid glands and has inconsistent hormone content. Summary: Levothyroxine (Synthroid) is the preferred choice for thyroid hormone replacement therapy due to its synthetic nature, stable potency, good absorption, and long half-life. Other options are not