What is the process of formal negotiations of working conditions between a group of registered nurses and employer?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'collective bargaining.' Collective bargaining involves negotiations between a group of employees, in this case, registered nurses, and their employer to determine working conditions, wages, benefits, and other aspects of employment. Grievance refers to a formal complaint about a workplace issue, arbitration involves a neutral third party making a decision in a dispute, and a strike is a work stoppage by employees to protest against their employer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: During times of staff and financial shortage, the Modular Method is considered the best and most effective. This method allows for flexibility and adaptability in assigning tasks and responsibilities, making it easier to cope with limited resources. Functional Method (Choice A) focuses on the division of labor based on each staff member's skills, which may not be the most efficient during shortages. Primary Nursing (Choice B) and Team Nursing (Choice C) may require a more significant number of staff, making them less suitable during shortages.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct sequence for abdominal assessment is Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation. Start with Inspection to observe any visible abnormalities, followed by Auscultation to listen for bowel sounds, then Percussion to assess the density of underlying structures, and finally Palpation to feel for any tenderness or masses. Choices A, B, and C have the incorrect sequence of assessment techniques.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C is the correct understanding that Richard, as a research subject, does not have to choose another doctor if he chooses to withdraw from the research. This is because participation in a research study is independent of his healthcare provider choice. Option A is correct because research subjects have the right to withdraw at any time, even after the research has started. Option B is correct as maintaining confidentiality is a fundamental ethical principle in research. Option D is incorrect as withdrawing before the research has started is not applicable since no participation has occurred yet. From an educational perspective, understanding the rights and responsibilities of research subjects is crucial in pharmacology. Research ethics, including informed consent, confidentiality, and the right to withdraw, are essential components of conducting ethical research. It is important for healthcare professionals to be well-versed in these principles to ensure the protection and well-being of research participants.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of caring for geriatric patients, the highest priority when assessing a patient using the nursing process is the nutritional status of the elderly client (Option C). This is essential because nutrition plays a critical role in the health and well-being of older adults. Malnutrition or inadequate nutritional intake can lead to a host of complications such as weakened immune system, delayed wound healing, muscle weakness, and increased risk of falls and fractures. Assessing the nutritional status allows the nurse to identify any deficiencies or issues that may be impacting the patient's overall health. By addressing these nutritional needs promptly, the nurse can help prevent further complications and promote optimal health outcomes in the elderly patient. Regarding why the other options are not the highest priority: - Option A, the patient's own feelings about his illness, is important for holistic care but may not pose an immediate threat to the patient's health compared to nutritional deficiencies. - Option B, safety of the client, especially those at risk of falls, is crucial, but addressing nutritional needs takes precedence as it can impact the overall health and well-being of the patient in a more direct manner. - Option D, physiological needs that are life-threatening, would obviously take top priority; however, in this scenario, the question focuses on assessing geriatric patients where nutritional status is a common concern and can significantly impact their health outcomes. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of prioritizing nursing assessments based on the specific needs of the patient population being cared for. Understanding the unique vulnerabilities of geriatric patients and the impact of nutrition on their health is crucial for providing effective and individualized care in this setting.