ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the procedure where a small mesh tube is inserted into an artery to keep it open after angioplasty?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stent placement. After angioplasty, a stent is inserted into the artery to prevent it from collapsing and keep it open. This procedure helps maintain blood flow and reduces the risk of blockages. Bypass surgery involves redirecting blood flow using a graft, not inserting a tube. Angioplasty is the initial procedure to open the blocked artery, not to keep it open. Valve replacement is a procedure for replacing damaged heart valves, not for arteries.
Question 2 of 5
Which test measures how well the lungs work by assessing the amount of air the lungs can hold and how quickly air can be exhaled?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Spirometry. Spirometry measures lung function by evaluating lung capacity and airflow. It assesses vital parameters like Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), providing valuable insights into lung health. Pulse oximetry (B) measures oxygen saturation, not lung function. Arterial blood gas (C) evaluates blood oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, not lung capacity. Chest X-ray (D) shows lung structure, not lung function. Therefore, Spirometry is the most appropriate test for assessing lung function.
Question 3 of 5
What is a condition where the lung's air sacs become inflamed and fill with fluid or pus, causing cough, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pneumonia. Pneumonia is characterized by inflammation and fluid or pus accumulation in the lung's air sacs. This leads to symptoms such as cough, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Tuberculosis (B) is a bacterial infection affecting the lungs but does not always involve fluid accumulation. Asthma (C) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchospasms, not fluid-filled air sacs. Bronchitis (D) is inflammation of the bronchial tubes, not the air sacs in the lungs.
Question 4 of 5
Which condition is characterized by the weakening and rupture of the walls of the alveoli in the lungs, reducing the surface area available for gas exchange?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Emphysema is characterized by weakening and rupture of alveoli walls, reducing gas exchange surface area. This leads to shortness of breath and decreased oxygen levels. Bronchitis involves inflammation of bronchial tubes, not alveoli. Atelectasis is the collapse of lung tissue, not alveoli weakening. Pulmonary fibrosis is scarring of lung tissue, not alveoli rupture. Therefore, A is correct due to its direct association with alveoli damage.
Question 5 of 5
What test measures the oxygen level in the blood, often used to monitor patients with respiratory or cardiovascular conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pulse oximetry. This test measures the oxygen saturation level in the blood by using a device called a pulse oximeter, which is commonly placed on a patient's finger. Pulse oximetry is non-invasive, quick, and reliable in assessing oxygen levels. Arterial blood gas (B) measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels directly from arterial blood samples, but it is more invasive and requires a blood draw. Echocardiogram (C) is an ultrasound test that evaluates the heart's structure and function, not specifically oxygen levels. Chest X-ray (D) provides images of the lungs and chest area but does not directly measure oxygen levels in the blood.