What is the priority intervention for the nurse to enhance meeting the psychosocial needs of a client on transmission-based precautions?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option B: Provide the client with diversional activities. The psychosocial needs of a client on transmission-based precautions are crucial to address as isolation can lead to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression. Providing diversional activities can help alleviate these negative emotions and enhance the client's overall well-being. Engaging the client in activities they enjoy can distract them from the stress of isolation, promote a sense of normalcy, and improve their mental health. Option A, allowing the client to sleep to build stamina, may be important for their physical health but does not directly address their psychosocial needs. Option C, maintaining a six-foot distance from the client, is a necessary infection control measure but does not focus on meeting the client's psychosocial needs. Option D, providing a timeframe for isolation, is important for managing expectations but does not actively address the client's current emotional state. Educationally, understanding the importance of addressing psychosocial needs in healthcare is vital for providing holistic care. Nurses need to consider not only the physical aspects of a client's condition but also their emotional and mental well-being to promote overall recovery and well-being. Incorporating activities that cater to a client's interests and preferences can significantly impact their experience during isolation and contribute to a more positive outcome.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of preventing HIV transmission by healthcare workers, the recommended practice is to use standard precautions, which include measures like proper hand hygiene, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (such as gloves and gowns), and safe handling of sharps. Standard precautions are designed to prevent the transmission of infections in healthcare settings by assuming that all patients could potentially have an infection, including HIV. Option A, wearing a mask within three feet of the client, is not specifically effective in preventing HIV transmission as the virus is not transmitted through the air like respiratory viruses. Option B, intentional, is a nonsensical choice and not relevant to HIV prevention. Option D, proliferative, is also unrelated to HIV transmission prevention. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare workers to have a clear understanding of standard precautions and their importance in infection control. By following these guidelines consistently, healthcare workers can protect both themselves and their patients from various infections, including HIV. Understanding and adhering to these practices is fundamental to maintaining a safe healthcare environment and providing quality patient care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Using standard precautions. This practice is recommended to prevent HIV transmission by healthcare workers because standard precautions are a set of infection control practices that are designed to prevent transmission of infectious diseases. Standard precautions include practices such as hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gowns, masks), safe injection practices, and safe handling of potentially contaminated equipment or surfaces. These precautions are essential in preventing the spread of HIV and other bloodborne pathogens in healthcare settings. Option A) Wearing a mask within three feet of the client is not specifically targeted at preventing HIV transmission. Masks are typically used to prevent respiratory droplet transmission of diseases like COVID-19 or influenza. Option C) Applying hand sanitizer to gloves during cares is not an effective practice for preventing HIV transmission. Hand sanitizer is meant for cleaning hands, not gloves, and does not provide a sufficient barrier against bloodborne pathogens. Option D) Double gloving may provide an extra layer of protection, but it is not a standard practice recommended for preventing HIV transmission. Standard precautions emphasize using appropriate personal protective equipment based on the type of exposure risk, and double gloving may not always be necessary or practical in every situation. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare workers to understand and follow standard precautions to protect themselves and their patients from potential infections, including HIV. By adhering to these practices consistently, healthcare workers can create a safe environment for both themselves and those under their care. Regular training, reinforcement, and compliance monitoring are essential components of maintaining a culture of infection control in healthcare settings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Apply rubbing alcohol to plaques. Rubbing alcohol can be extremely drying and irritating to the skin, which can exacerbate the symptoms of psoriasis. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by red, itchy, and scaly patches on the skin. Applying rubbing alcohol can further irritate the skin, leading to increased discomfort and potentially worsening the condition. A) Teaching the client how to utilize UV radiation can actually be a helpful intervention for psoriasis. Controlled exposure to UV radiation can help to slow down the rapid skin cell turnover that occurs in psoriasis, reducing symptoms. C) Applying corticosteroids as ordered is a common and appropriate treatment for psoriasis. Corticosteroids help to reduce inflammation and can effectively manage psoriatic symptoms when used as prescribed by a healthcare provider. D) Urging the client to consider participating in support groups is also a beneficial intervention. Support groups can provide emotional support, coping strategies, and a sense of community for individuals living with psoriasis. This holistic approach can help individuals better manage their condition and improve their overall well-being. In an educational context, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the appropriate interventions for various health conditions like psoriasis. By comprehensively understanding the rationale behind each option, students can develop critical thinking skills and provide optimal care for patients with psoriasis. This rationale illustrates the importance of evidence-based practice and patient-centered care in nursing.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In caring for a client with AIDS and PCP, the nurse's priority assessment should be lung sounds (Option B). PCP is a type of pneumonia that primarily affects the lungs, causing symptoms like cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Monitoring lung sounds is crucial to assess the severity of respiratory distress and the effectiveness of oxygenation. Skin turgor (Option A) is more indicative of hydration status and would be important in other situations like dehydration, but it is not the priority in a client with PCP. Radial pulses (Option C) and capillary refill (Option D) are important assessments for circulatory status, but in this case, respiratory assessment takes precedence due to the nature of PCP affecting the lungs directly. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind prioritizing assessments helps nurses provide timely and appropriate care to clients with complex conditions. By focusing on the most critical assessment first, nurses can intervene promptly and potentially prevent further complications in clients with AIDS and PCP.