What is the primary treatment for a corneal abrasion?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and the treatment of a corneal abrasion, the primary treatment is the application of topical antibiotics, which is option B. Topical antibiotics are crucial in preventing infection in the damaged cornea. Corneal abrasions can create an entry point for bacteria, leading to potential infections that could exacerbate the injury. Option A, patching the eye, is no longer a recommended practice for corneal abrasions as it can delay healing and increase the risk of infection. Instead, the eye should remain uncovered to promote healing and prevent bacterial growth. Surgical repair (option C) is typically reserved for more severe cases of corneal trauma that involve deep lacerations or perforations, not for simple abrasions. Analgesics (option D) may be used to manage pain associated with corneal abrasions, but they do not address the primary concern of preventing infection, which is why topical antibiotics are the most appropriate choice in this scenario. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind the use of topical antibiotics for corneal abrasions emphasizes the importance of infection prevention in ocular injuries. It also highlights the shift in practice away from traditional methods like eye patching towards evidence-based treatments that promote optimal healing outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of nurse-client communication in pharmacology, empathetic listening plays a crucial role in building trust and understanding, making option A the correct choice. When nurses actively listen to their clients with empathy, they create a supportive environment where clients feel heard and valued. This, in turn, fosters trust between the nurse and client, enhancing the therapeutic relationship. Understanding the client's perspective, concerns, and emotions allows the nurse to provide more personalized care that meets the client's needs effectively. Options B, C, and D are incorrect in this scenario. While compliance with medical advice, reaching client goals, and avoiding overwhelming clients with new information are important aspects of nursing care, they do not directly address the significance of empathetic listening in establishing a therapeutic relationship. Compliance and goal achievement may be influenced by trust and understanding, which are nurtured through empathetic listening. Avoiding overwhelming clients with information is important, but it is not the primary purpose of empathetic listening. In an educational context, it is essential for nursing students to understand the pivotal role of empathetic communication in pharmacology practice. By emphasizing empathetic listening skills in training, future nurses can enhance their ability to connect with clients, provide patient-centered care, and ultimately improve health outcomes through effective communication and collaboration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and patient care, effective communication is essential, especially when dealing with clients who have suffered a stroke and have communication impairments like expressive aphasia. Option A, using written communication and visual aids, is the correct choice for this client. This method allows for the client to visually process information and communicate effectively despite their aphasia and hand impairment. Option B, asking a family member to interpret, may not always be reliable as it can lead to miscommunication or breaches in patient confidentiality. Option C, speaking louder and slower, is not effective for clients with expressive aphasia as it does not address the underlying communication barrier. Option D, using sign language, may not be appropriate if the client is not familiar with sign language or if their dominant hand is impaired. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of individualized and patient-centered care, especially when considering the unique needs of clients with stroke-related complications. It emphasizes the significance of using alternative communication methods to ensure effective patient-provider interaction and medication management in pharmacological settings.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In dealing with older adults who lose the ability to hear at high-pitched ranges, the correct action for the nurse is to lower the voice pitch (Option A). This is because age-related hearing loss often affects the ability to hear high-pitched sounds, and lowering the voice pitch can make it easier for the older adult to comprehend the communication. Option B, inserting a stethoscope in the client's ears, is incorrect as it is not a standard practice for addressing hearing loss. Stethoscopes are used for auscultation and not for amplifying sound for individuals with hearing impairment. Option C, using a magic slate or chalkboard, may not be effective as it primarily addresses visual communication and may not directly assist with hearing loss. Option D, ensuring that the hearing aid is in good working order, is important for managing hearing loss but does not directly address the communication approach needed for older adults who have lost the ability to hear at high-pitched ranges. In an educational context, understanding age-related changes in hearing and appropriate communication strategies is crucial for nurses caring for older adults. It is essential for healthcare providers to adapt their communication techniques to meet the specific needs of older adults with hearing loss to ensure effective and compassionate care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, caution is needed when asking family members to interpret medical information because they may misinterpret or omit critical information (Option A). Family members, lacking medical knowledge, may not fully understand the implications of certain details or may unintentionally leave out important information, leading to potential misunderstandings or errors in treatment. Option B, stating that it saves time and resources, is incorrect because accuracy and patient safety should always take precedence over efficiency in healthcare settings. Option C, promoting family involvement, is a positive aspect but does not address the potential risks of misinterpretation. Option D, ensuring confidentiality, is not directly related to the issue of interpretation accuracy. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of clear communication in healthcare and the potential consequences of relying on non-medical personnel for interpreting crucial medical information. It underscores the need for healthcare professionals to directly communicate with patients or utilize trained interpreters to ensure accurate understanding and safe care delivery.