ATI RN
geriatric nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
What is the primary reason older adults are at higher risk for adverse reactions to anesthesia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Age-related changes in liver function. As people age, there are changes in liver metabolism and blood flow, affecting the processing of anesthetic agents. Liver function declines with age, leading to slower drug metabolism and clearance, increasing the risk of adverse reactions. Decreased muscle mass (A) may affect drug distribution but not metabolism. Decreased renal function (B) can impact drug excretion but is not the primary reason for adverse reactions. Increased body fat (C) can alter drug distribution but is not the main factor in anesthesia reactions for older adults.
Question 2 of 9
A nurse is caring for an older adult who asks, “Is it important to eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables to age successfully?” The nurse considers which theory of aging?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Free radical theory. This theory states that aging is caused by the accumulation of damage from free radicals in the body, which can be countered by antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables. Thus, the nurse considering the importance of a diet high in fruits and vegetables aligns with the free radical theory. Incorrect choices: A: Oxidative stress theory focuses on the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, not specifically on fruits and vegetables. B: Immunological theory relates to the immune system's role in aging, not directly linked to diet. D: Telomere theory concerns the role of telomeres in aging, not directly related to the benefits of fruits and vegetables.
Question 3 of 9
The term health disparity is defined as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because health disparities refer to variations in health outcomes between different groups, often linked to social, economic, or environmental factors. This definition accurately captures the essence of health disparities by emphasizing the differences in health outcomes among various populations. Choice A is incorrect because it describes cultural elimination rather than health disparities. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on statistical comparison rather than the health outcomes themselves. Choice D is incorrect as it discusses differing values and perspectives, which are not directly related to health disparities. In summary, choice B is the correct answer as it aligns with the definition and concept of health disparities.
Question 4 of 9
The visiting nurse observes that the older male client is confined by his daughter to his room. When the nurse suggests that he walk into the den and join everyone, he says "I'm in everyone's way, my daughter needs me to stay here." The most important action for the nurse is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because suggesting appropriate resources like respite care and a senior citizens' center shows the nurse's understanding of the client's needs for social interaction and support. This approach addresses the client's isolation and the daughter's need for assistance in caring for her father. Choice B is incorrect because simply telling the daughter to allow her father to participate does not address the underlying issues of the client feeling in the way and the daughter's need for support. Choice C is incorrect as it ignores the client's need for social interaction and the daughter's need for assistance, prioritizing peace over the client's well-being. Choice D is incorrect as offering to stay with the client while he is isolated does not address the broader issue of the client's need for social engagement and the daughter's need for support.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the following is the most important factor in managing malnutrition in older adults?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing protein intake. Protein is crucial for maintaining muscle mass and strength in older adults, aiding in the prevention and management of malnutrition. Protein also supports immune function and wound healing. Reducing calorie intake (A) can exacerbate malnutrition, as older adults need adequate nutrition. Avoiding all fats (C) is not recommended as healthy fats are essential for brain health and nutrient absorption. Limiting hydration (D) can lead to dehydration and worsen malnutrition. In summary, increasing protein intake is the most important factor in managing malnutrition in older adults due to its vital role in maintaining overall health and preventing muscle loss.
Question 6 of 9
The ANA Scope and Standards of Gerontological Nursing (2010) addresses which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Standards of gerontological nursing practice, as the ANA Scope and Standards of Gerontological Nursing (2010) specifically outlines the accepted standards and guidelines for gerontological nursing practice. This document does not focus on skills and knowledge (Choice A), levels of practice (Choice B), or certification requirements (Choice C), but rather on setting the standards and expectations for gerontological nursing care. It is essential for nurses to adhere to these standards to provide high-quality care to older adults.
Question 7 of 9
Which of the following can occur as a result of decreased hearing in the older person?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Decreased hearing in older individuals can lead to increased danger as they may not be able to hear important warning sounds like smoke or security alarms. This can compromise their safety and well-being. A is incorrect because decreased hearing may lead to increased stressful interactions due to difficulties in communication. C is incorrect because decreased hearing can actually increase danger when driving or walking in traffic as the individual may not be able to hear car horns or other traffic sounds, leading to potential accidents. D is incorrect because decreased hearing can contribute to an increased risk of falls due to decreased awareness of environmental sounds and hazards.
Question 8 of 9
Which of the following are examples of appropriate communication techniques for dealing effectively with persons with dementia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because maintaining good eye contact and a relaxed, smiling approach can help establish a sense of trust and connection with persons with dementia. This approach can help reduce feelings of confusion and anxiety in individuals with dementia, improving communication and fostering a positive interaction. A: Asking open-ended questions may overwhelm individuals with dementia and make it difficult for them to process information. B: Talking to persons with dementia as you would a child is inappropriate and disrespectful, as it disregards their dignity and autonomy. D: Reminding individuals with dementia not to forget something can be frustrating and may lead to feelings of failure or inadequacy.
Question 9 of 9
A nurse observes an older adult client with diabetes experiencing tremors and confusion. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the client's blood glucose level. Tremors and confusion in a client with diabetes could indicate hypoglycemia. Monitoring blood glucose levels will confirm if the client's symptoms are due to low blood sugar. Providing a full meal (B) may worsen the situation by delaying the increase in blood sugar. Asking the client to rest (C) does not address the underlying cause. Administering insulin immediately (D) without knowing the current blood glucose level can further lower blood sugar levels. Hence, monitoring the blood glucose level is the most appropriate initial action.