What is the primary goal of public health?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of public health is to prevent disease and disability. This is because by preventing diseases and disabilities, public health efforts aim to improve overall population health and well-being. This includes implementing interventions such as vaccinations, health education, and policy changes to reduce the burden of preventable illnesses. Achieving health equity, prolonging life, and promoting health are important aspects of public health but they are secondary to the core goal of preventing disease and disability.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Primary health care. Primary health care refers to the first point of contact between individuals and the healthcare system. It focuses on providing essential and accessible care to the community. This level of care emphasizes prevention, health promotion, and management of common health issues. Secondary level health care (A) and Tertiary level of care (B) are higher levels of healthcare that are accessed after primary care. Intermediate level of care (D) is not a standard term used in healthcare settings. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it aligns with the definition of the initial contact point for healthcare services.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because chest indrawing should not be present at all times in a child. Chest indrawing is a sign of increased work of breathing and respiratory distress. Choices B and C describe the characteristic of chest indrawing accurately. Choice D is incorrect because a child in respiratory distress may not be calm. Therefore, the healthcare provider should consider all options except for choice A when assessing a child for chest indrawing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct classification for James' breathing is "C: Normal breathing." The respiratory rate for a child of his age should be between 20-30 breaths/minute. Since James has a respiratory rate of 41 breaths/minute, it may seem elevated. However, it is important to consider that children under 2 years often have higher respiratory rates compared to older children and adults. In the absence of other danger signs such as chest in-drawing, grunting, or stridor, a respiratory rate of 41 breaths/minute in an 18-month-old child with a cough does not necessarily indicate very fast breathing. Therefore, James' breathing is classified as normal based on his age group and the absence of other concerning signs. Summary: A: Slow breathing - Incorrect, as James' respiratory rate is elevated, not slow. B: Fast breathing - Incorrect, as James' respiratory rate does not meet the criteria for very fast breathing. D: Very fast breathing - Incorrect

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary advantage of having a target client list is that nurses do not need to go back to the Family Treatment Record to monitor treatment and services, saving time and effort. This is because having a target client list streamlines the process by providing quick access to relevant information, allowing nurses to efficiently track progress and deliver timely care. Other choices are incorrect because: B: Helps monitor services rendered to clients in general - This is too broad and does not specify the direct benefit of a target client list. C: Facilitates monitoring and supervision of services - While this is related to the advantages of having a target client list, it does not address the specific time-saving aspect highlighted in the correct answer. D: Facilitates easier reporting - This choice is also related to the benefits of a target client list but does not emphasize the key advantage of time and effort saved by not having to refer back to the Family Treatment Record.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Intermediate level of care. Intermediate level facilities are capable of performing minor surgeries and simple laboratory examinations due to their higher level of resources and expertise compared to primary health care facilities. Secondary level facilities (A) provide more specialized care but may not necessarily have the capacity for minor surgeries and lab tests. Tertiary level facilities (B) offer complex and specialized treatments, typically beyond minor surgeries and simple lab examinations. Primary health care facilities (D) focus on basic healthcare services and preventive care, lacking the resources and expertise for minor surgeries and lab tests. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it aligns with the capability of providing both minor surgeries and simple laboratory examinations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intermediate level health workers. Rural sanitary inspectors are trained professionals who possess a higher level of expertise in public health and sanitation compared to village health workers and barangay health workers. They typically have more specialized knowledge and skills related to sanitation practices and environmental health. Therefore, they fall under the category of intermediate level health workers. Choice A (Village health workers) is incorrect because village health workers usually have basic training in providing primary health care services within the community, but they may not have the specialized knowledge and skills in sanitation and environmental health that rural sanitary inspectors possess. Choice C (Barangay health workers) is also incorrect because barangay health workers are community-based health workers who primarily focus on providing basic health care services and health education within the barangay or village level. They may not have the specific training and expertise in sanitation and public health that rural sanitary inspectors have at the intermediate level. Choice D (All of the above) is incorrect because rural sanitary

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because chest indrawing and stridor indicate respiratory distress, which can be life-threatening. Giving the first dose of antibiotics and referring urgently ensures prompt assessment and appropriate management by a higher-level healthcare provider. Changing medication without proper assessment (choice A) can delay necessary treatment. Advising to continue antibiotics (choice B) overlooks the urgency of the situation. Observing the child at the center (choice D) is not sufficient for managing respiratory distress.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Morbidity. Morbidity specifically refers to statistics related to illnesses and diseases. Vital statistics (A) typically refer to data related to births, deaths, marriages, and divorces. Statistics (B) is a general term that encompasses various types of data analysis. Mortality (D) specifically refers to statistics related to deaths. Therefore, C is the most appropriate choice in this context.