What is the primary goal of a root cause analysis (RCA) in healthcare?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of a root cause analysis (RCA) in healthcare is to prevent future errors by identifying underlying causes. This is because RCA focuses on understanding the fundamental reasons behind incidents to implement effective preventive measures. By identifying root causes, healthcare providers can implement strategies to mitigate risks and enhance patient safety. The other choices are incorrect because RCA is not about assigning blame (A), improving patient satisfaction (C), or analyzing financial impact (D), but rather about understanding and addressing the core issues to prevent recurrence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Trait theories. This is because the nurse's description of the unit manager as 'a born leader' aligns with the trait approach to leadership that focuses on inherent qualities and characteristics of individuals that make them effective leaders. Trait theories suggest that certain traits such as intelligence, charisma, and decisiveness are inherent in effective leaders. The other choices are incorrect because B: Behavioral theories focus on the actions and behaviors of leaders, C: Formal leadership theories emphasize organizational structures and roles, and D: Democratic leadership theories pertain to leadership styles rather than inherent traits.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Variance. Variance represents the difference between budgeted and actual revenue or cost. It is a crucial metric in performance evaluation and budget control. Variance analysis helps identify discrepancies and allows for adjustments to be made. Incorrect choices: A: Budget - This is the overall plan or financial blueprint for revenues and costs, not the difference between budgeted and actual amounts. B: Variable - Refers to costs that change in relation to activity levels, not specifically the difference between budgeted and actual amounts. D: Premiums - Relates to additional payments made, not the comparison between budgeted and actual figures.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. This question is most appropriate as unintentional weight loss is a common symptom of type 1 diabetes due to the body's inability to properly use glucose for energy. The nurse should ask about weight loss to assess the patient's overall health status. Explanation: A: Asking about anorexia assumes a specific eating disorder, which may not be relevant to the patient's symptoms of diabetes. B: Dark colored urine may indicate dehydration, but it is not specific to type 1 diabetes symptoms. D: Craving sugary drinks may suggest a preference for sweet beverages but does not directly relate to the onset of type 1 diabetes symptoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of a root cause analysis (RCA) in healthcare is to prevent future errors by identifying underlying causes. This is because RCA focuses on understanding the fundamental reasons behind incidents to implement effective preventive measures. By identifying root causes, healthcare providers can implement strategies to mitigate risks and enhance patient safety. The other choices are incorrect because RCA is not about assigning blame (A), improving patient satisfaction (C), or analyzing financial impact (D), but rather about understanding and addressing the core issues to prevent recurrence.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary focus of a patient safety program is to enhance patient satisfaction. This is because the ultimate goal of patient safety initiatives is to ensure that patients receive safe and high-quality care, leading to improved patient experience and satisfaction. By prioritizing patient safety, healthcare providers can build trust with patients, reduce medical errors, and prevent harm. Why other choices are incorrect: A: While reducing healthcare costs may be a positive outcome of a patient safety program, it is not the primary focus. B: Improving clinical outcomes is an important goal of patient safety programs, but it is not the primary focus as patient satisfaction encompasses a broader aspect of care. D: Compliance with regulatory standards is essential, but it is a means to achieve patient safety rather than the primary focus.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because delegation involves transferring responsibility for a task while retaining accountability for the outcome. The nurse has delegated specific tasks (AM care) to the UAP, which aligns with the principle that only certain tasks can be delegated. Choice A is incorrect because delegation does not require clearly defined superiors, but rather defined tasks. Choice B is incorrect as delegation can also occur between peers or team members. Choice C is incorrect as delegation is not exclusive to healthcare professionals but is a common practice in various industries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because values are indeed organized ways of thinking about the meaning of life. Values represent core beliefs and principles that guide an individual's behavior and decision-making. They provide a framework for understanding what is important and meaningful in life. A is incorrect because values are not just feelings but rather deeply held beliefs. B is incorrect as values can be influenced by family systems but are not solely learned through them. D is incorrect because while values can inform moral judgments, they themselves do not determine the rightness or wrongness of behavior.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because professional liability insurance for RNs can cover charges of libel, slander, assault, and HIPAA violations in addition to malpractice. This coverage protects the nurse's assets and provides legal defense in case of such claims. Option A is incorrect because there are expenses involved in defending against frivolous lawsuits. Option B is incorrect as institutions can still sue a nurse found guilty of malpractice. Option D is incorrect as nurses can also be sued for malpractice, not just doctors.