What is the primary function of the placenta?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the placenta is to supply oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. It acts as a bridge between the mother and the fetus, allowing for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products. This is crucial for the growth and development of the fetus. The placenta does not secrete estrogen (choice A), as this is primarily produced by the ovaries. It also does not store fetal waste (choice C), as waste is eliminated through the mother's bloodstream. While the placenta does provide some protection against maternal infection (choice D), its main function is nutrient and oxygen exchange.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fallopian tube. Fertilization of the egg typically occurs in the fallopian tube where the sperm meets the egg to form a zygote. The fallopian tubes provide a suitable environment for fertilization to take place. The other choices (A: Uterus, B: Ovary, C: Cervix) are incorrect because fertilization does not occur in these locations. The uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and grows into a fetus, the ovary releases the egg during ovulation, and the cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Produce sperm. Seminiferous tubules are the site of spermatogenesis, the process by which sperm are produced in the testes. Sperm cells are generated through a series of cell divisions and maturation processes within the seminiferous tubules. Therefore, the primary function of the seminiferous tubules in males is to produce sperm cells. A: Store sperm - While the epididymis and vas deferens are responsible for storing sperm, the seminiferous tubules are not primarily involved in sperm storage. B: Produce seminal fluid - Seminal fluid is produced by the accessory glands such as the prostate gland and seminal vesicles, not the seminiferous tubules. D: Transport sperm - Sperm transport occurs through the vas deferens and other ducts, not within the seminiferous tubules.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prolactin. Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating milk production after childbirth. It is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a key role in lactation. Oxytocin, another hormone, is responsible for milk ejection during breastfeeding, not milk production. Estrogen and progesterone are involved in regulating the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, not milk production. Therefore, the correct choice is A as it directly relates to milk production post-childbirth.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oxytocin. Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor. It is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. Oxytocin plays a crucial role in initiating and sustaining labor contractions by acting on the smooth muscle of the uterus. Estrogen and FSH are not directly involved in uterine contractions. Prostaglandins play a role in cervical ripening and softening but are not the primary hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor.