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mcgraw hill microbiology test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the primary function of bacterial ribosomes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Synthesize proteins. Bacterial ribosomes are responsible for translating mRNA into proteins through a process called translation. Ribosomes do not generate ATP (choice B), produce DNA (choice C), or synthesize lipids (choice D). These processes are carried out by other cellular components such as mitochondria for ATP production, DNA polymerase for DNA replication, and enzymes for lipid synthesis. The primary function of bacterial ribosomes is protein synthesis, making choice A the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
What is the function of bacterial flagella?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Motility. Bacterial flagella function in providing motility to bacteria, allowing them to move towards nutrients or away from harmful substances. Flagella are long, whip-like appendages that rotate to propel the bacteria through their environment. Incorrect choices: A: Protein synthesis - Bacterial flagella are not involved in protein synthesis. C: Adhesion to surfaces - While some bacteria use flagella for attachment, their main function is not adhesion. D: DNA replication - Flagella do not play a role in DNA replication, which occurs in the bacterial cell's nucleus.
Question 3 of 5
The distinctive pattern of adenoviruses is due to;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fibers at the vertices of the icosahedron. Adenoviruses have fibers at the vertices of the icosahedron, which give them their distinctive pattern. These fibers help in attaching to host cells. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because adenoviruses do not have a lipid envelope, helical capsid, or ssDNA. Adenoviruses have a non-enveloped icosahedral capsid and contain dsDNA. This makes choice D the correct answer as it specifically relates to the unique structural feature of adenoviruses.
Question 4 of 5
Bacterial transformation involves:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uptake of naked DNA from the environment. Bacterial transformation is a process where bacteria take up free DNA from their surroundings and incorporate it into their own genome. This process is essential for genetic recombination and the acquisition of new traits. Plasmids are small DNA molecules that can be transferred between bacteria, but not necessarily through pili. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and transfer their DNA, but this is not the primary mechanism of bacterial transformation. Binary fission is a method of bacterial reproduction, not related to the uptake of DNA.
Question 5 of 5
In 8 days after a surgery the patient develops tetatus. The surgeon suspects this condition to be caused by suture material contaminated by tetanus agent. The material is delivered to a bacteriological laboratory. What nutrient medium is required for primary inoculation of the suture material?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Kitt-Tarozzi medium. This medium is specifically designed for the isolation and cultivation of Clostridium tetani, the bacteria responsible for tetanus. The other options, Sabouraud agar, Endo agar, and Hiss medium, are not suitable for the growth of Clostridium tetani. Sabouraud agar is used for fungal cultures, Endo agar is a selective medium for enteric bacteria, and Hiss medium is used for the cultivation of anaerobic bacteria other than Clostridium tetani. Therefore, the Kitt-Tarozzi medium is the most appropriate choice for isolating and identifying the tetanus agent in this scenario.