ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the primary action of warfarin as an anticoagulant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin is classified as an anticoagulant, which means its primary function is to prevent the formation of blood clots. By inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors in the liver, warfarin reduces the blood's ability to clot, making it an important medication in preventing conditions like strokes and deep vein thrombosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and new prescriptions for cromolyn and albuterol, both by nebulizer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the cromolyn," is the correct answer. Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist that works quickly to relieve acute bronchospasm in asthma, while cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer that helps prevent asthma attacks. By taking albuterol first, the client ensures immediate relief of symptoms followed by the preventive action of cromolyn. Option A is incorrect because cromolyn is not for immediate relief but rather for long-term preventive use. Option C is incorrect as using both medications immediately after exercising is not necessary unless symptoms are present. Option D is incorrect as the medications do not need to be administered 10 minutes apart. Educationally, understanding the timing and purpose of medications in asthma management is crucial for optimal treatment outcomes. Teaching patients the correct sequence of medication administration empowers them to effectively manage their condition and improve compliance with their treatment plan.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who asks about a prescription for propranolol. The nurse should inform the client that this medication is contraindicated in clients with a history of which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Propranolol is contraindicated in clients with a history of asthma because it can cause bronchospasms due to its non-selective beta-blocking properties. By blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs, propranolol can lead to bronchoconstriction, potentially triggering asthma symptoms and exacerbating respiratory issues. It is essential for individuals with asthma to avoid medications like propranolol that can worsen their condition.
Question 4 of 5
A client with renal failure and an elevated phosphorus level is prescribed aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct. Aluminum hydroxide is known to cause constipation as a common side effect. Instructing the client about this potential adverse effect is important for their awareness and management. Monitoring and managing constipation can help improve the client's comfort and overall treatment experience.
Question 5 of 5
A client in a substance abuse clinic is being assessed by a nurse after discontinuing disulfiram due to severe nausea and vomiting. What is the likely cause of the client's distress?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) The client consumed alcohol while taking the medication. Disulfiram is a medication used to support individuals with alcohol use disorder by causing unpleasant effects if alcohol is consumed. Disulfiram interacts with alcohol metabolism, leading to an accumulation of acetaldehyde, which results in symptoms like severe nausea and vomiting. Option A) The client demonstrated an allergic response to the medication is incorrect because the symptoms described are typical of the medication's known side effects, not an allergic reaction. Option B) The client experienced a common side effect of the medication is incorrect as it does not address the specific reason for the distress in this case, which is related to alcohol consumption. Option D) The client took an overdose of the medication is also incorrect because the symptoms described are not indicative of an overdose but rather a reaction due to alcohol intake while on disulfiram. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding how certain medications interact with substances like alcohol and the need for individuals to adhere to prescribed guidelines to avoid adverse effects. It emphasizes the role of healthcare providers in educating clients on medication use and lifestyle modifications to ensure therapeutic effectiveness and safety.